Wisdom teeth extraction is a common oral surgery performed to address issues like impaction or overcrowding. After removal, stitches are often placed to help the surgical site heal properly by securing the gum tissue.
Understanding Dissolvable Stitches
Dissolvable stitches, also known as absorbable sutures, are designed to naturally break down within the body over time. These stitches are commonly used in oral surgery to close incisions and promote healing without requiring manual removal. They are made from special biodegradable materials, such as synthetic polymers like polyglycolic acid (PGA) or polylactic acid (PLA), or natural materials like purified catgut.
The primary purpose of these stitches in oral surgery is to hold the edges of the wound together, which aids in tissue alignment and minimizes bleeding. This closure also helps protect the surgical site from food particles and bacteria, reducing the risk of complications. The dissolution process typically occurs through hydrolysis or enzymatic degradation, where the body’s water molecules or enzymes gradually break down the suture material.
Dissolution Timeline and Influencing Factors
For wisdom teeth extractions, dissolvable stitches typically begin to dissolve and fall out within 7 to 10 days, though some may take up to two to three weeks. This timeline can vary due to several influencing factors. The type of stitch material plays a role, as different materials have different absorption rates; those used for wisdom teeth are designed for faster dissolution in the oral environment.
The location of the stitches within the mouth also affects their dissolution rate. Stitches inside the mouth are constantly exposed to saliva, which contains enzymes that contribute to the breakdown process. Individual healing rates vary among patients, affecting dissolution based on their body’s unique healing capacity and immune response. Maintaining good oral hygiene practices is also important, as proper care can prevent complications that might interfere with the stitches dissolving as expected. The complexity of the extraction procedure can also influence the type and number of stitches used, potentially affecting the dissolution time.
What to Expect and When to Seek Advice
As dissolvable stitches begin to break down, you might notice them feeling loose or even falling out in small pieces. It is common to see white or clear fragments of the stitch material as it disintegrates. This is a normal part of the healing process, and you should avoid pulling at the stitches, as this can disrupt the healing and potentially introduce bacteria.
While some discomfort and swelling are normal after wisdom teeth removal, certain signs indicate that you should contact your oral surgeon or dentist. Seek professional advice if the stitches do not appear to be dissolving after the expected timeframe, or if they are causing significant irritation or discomfort. It is also important to watch for signs of infection, such as increased or worsening pain, swelling, persistent redness, a bad taste in your mouth, or the presence of pus around the extraction site. Other warning signs include excessive bleeding that does not stop, fever, or difficulty swallowing or breathing.