Postpartum recovery often involves healing from stitches, whether from a vaginal birth or a Cesarean section. This article provides information about the types of stitches used postpartum, their typical duration, and guidance on their care and healing.
Understanding Postpartum Stitches
Stitches used after childbirth generally fall into two main categories: dissolvable (absorbable) and non-dissolvable (non-absorbable). Dissolvable stitches are made from materials that the body’s enzymes naturally break down over time. These stitches gradually lose strength and are absorbed by the body, eliminating the need for removal by a healthcare provider. They are frequently used for internal tissue repair, such as in the perineum after a vaginal birth or for the inner layers of a C-section incision.
Non-dissolvable stitches are made from materials that do not break down within the body and must be manually removed. These stitches are often used for skin closure, particularly for the outer layer of a Cesarean section incision, where they provide strong, immediate support. The decision to use dissolvable or non-dissolvable stitches depends on the location and depth of the repair, as well as the surgeon’s preference.
Following a vaginal delivery, stitches may be placed to repair a perineal tear or an episiotomy. These repairs primarily use dissolvable stitches, which support healing while allowing for natural absorption. For a C-section, stitches close multiple layers of tissue in the abdomen and uterus. The outermost skin layer may be closed with either dissolvable stitches, non-dissolvable stitches, or surgical staples.
The duration stitches remain varies significantly based on their type and location. Dissolvable stitches, common for perineal tears and internal C-section layers, typically begin to dissolve within one to two weeks, though some can take up to six weeks to fully disappear. Non-dissolvable stitches, primarily seen on the outer skin of C-section incisions, are generally removed by a healthcare provider approximately five to seven days after birth.
Caring for Your Stitches
Proper care of postpartum stitches is important for promoting healing and preventing complications. Maintaining hygiene in the stitched area is a primary concern. After using the toilet, gently rinse the area with warm water using a peri bottle, then pat it dry with a clean cloth or soft tissue, avoiding any rubbing. Avoid harsh soaps or scented products, which can irritate the sensitive healing tissues.
Managing pain and discomfort associated with stitches is an important aspect of recovery. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help alleviate soreness. Applying ice packs wrapped in a cloth to the affected area for 10-20 minutes at a time can reduce swelling and numb the pain. Warm sitz baths, where the perineum is immersed in shallow water for 15-20 minutes, can also provide soothing relief and promote cleanliness.
Additional comfort measures can support the healing process. Witch hazel pads, placed directly on perineal stitches, offer a cooling and anti-inflammatory effect. Perineal sprays specifically designed for postpartum use can also provide localized pain relief. Wearing loose-fitting, breathable cotton underwear and clothing helps to reduce friction and allows air circulation, which aids in healing.
Using a donut pillow when sitting can relieve pressure on perineal stitches, making sitting more comfortable. For those with perineal stitches, preventing constipation and straining during bowel movements is helpful, as straining can put stress on the healing tissues. Stool softeners, if recommended by a healthcare provider, can make bowel movements easier. It is generally advisable to rest and avoid strenuous activities or heavy lifting that could strain the healing areas.
Recognizing Normal Healing and When to Call for Help
Understanding what constitutes normal healing is helpful during the postpartum recovery period. Mild discomfort, tenderness, and some swelling around the stitched area are typical in the initial days following birth. The pain should gradually decrease over time as the tissues heal. As dissolvable stitches begin to break down, some itching around the wound is a common sensation, indicating the healing process is underway.
There are specific signs that indicate a need to contact a healthcare provider. An increase in pain or pain that worsens rather than improves over time is a concerning symptom. Spreading redness, warmth, or significant swelling around the stitches could signal an infection. The presence of pus or any foul-smelling discharge from the wound site also warrants immediate medical attention.
A fever, especially if it is not attributable to other common postpartum issues like breast engorgement, can be a sign of infection. If the stitches appear to be coming apart, or if the wound itself opens (a condition known as dehiscence), it is important to seek medical advice promptly. Excessive or persistent bleeding from the stitch site beyond what is expected should also be reported to a healthcare professional.