Glucose tablets are a fast-acting and convenient source of glucose, designed to quickly raise blood sugar levels. They are commonly used by individuals experiencing hypoglycemia, a condition where blood sugar drops too low, typically below 70 mg/dL (or 4 mmol/L). These chewable tablets provide a measured dose of carbohydrates, usually around 4 grams per tablet, making it easy to consume the recommended 15 grams for a rapid blood sugar correction. Their quick absorption helps prevent more severe symptoms of low blood sugar, such as seizures or loss of consciousness.
Understanding Expiration on Glucose Tablets
The expiration date printed on glucose tablet packaging indicates the last day the manufacturer guarantees the product’s full potency and safety. This date is determined through stability testing, ensuring that the tablets contain the stated amount of glucose and remain effective when stored under recommended conditions. This date is a legal and liability measure for manufacturers.
Once the original container is opened, the manufacturer’s guarantee for the printed expiration date may no longer fully apply. However, solid dosage forms like tablets are more stable past their expiration date compared to liquids or suspensions. It is advisable to use glucose tablets before this date to ensure they deliver the expected amount of glucose and act with the intended speed.
Factors Affecting Their Shelf Life
Several environmental and physical factors can influence the actual shelf life and effectiveness of glucose tablets, even before their printed expiration date. Exposure to high temperatures can cause the tablets to change color and become soft, altering their texture and taste. While glucose is a stable molecule, extreme heat can degrade the tablet’s integrity.
Humidity and moisture are also detrimental, as they can lead to the tablets hardening over time, making them less effective or more difficult to chew and absorb. Moisture can also increase the risk of bacterial or mold growth, though high sugar content typically discourages this. Storing tablets away from direct sunlight and in their original sealed containers protects them from light degradation and air exposure, which can compromise their stability and lead to a diminished quality.
What Happens to Expired Glucose Tablets
The primary concern with using glucose tablets past their expiration date is a potential reduction in potency. This means the tablets may not deliver the full amount of glucose or act as quickly as expected, which can be problematic during a low blood sugar emergency.
Expired tablets can also experience changes in their physical characteristics, such as becoming harder, developing an off-color, or having an altered taste. If moisture has been introduced, there is a possibility of mold or bacterial growth, which would make the tablets unsafe to consume. For these reasons, it is recommended to replace expired glucose tablets to ensure their reliability in managing low blood sugar episodes.
Proper Storage and Safe Disposal
Proper storage significantly extends the usability of glucose tablets and maintains their effectiveness. Glucose tablets should be stored at room temperature, ideally between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C), and kept in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. It is important to keep them in their original sealed container to protect them from moisture and air, which can cause them to harden or degrade. Additionally, tablets should always be kept out of the reach of children and pets.
When glucose tablets expire or are no longer needed, safe disposal is important to prevent accidental ingestion or environmental contamination. The best method is to utilize a drug take-back program, often available at local pharmacies or through community events sponsored by organizations like the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. If a take-back program is not accessible, most medications, including glucose tablets, can be disposed of in household trash. To do this safely, remove the tablets from their original packaging, mix them with an unappealing substance like dirt, cat litter, or used coffee grounds, and place the mixture in a sealed plastic bag before discarding it in the trash. Always scratch out personal information on the packaging before disposal.