Chrysanthemums, often called “mums,” are popular flowering plants known for their diverse colors and late-season blooms. Their lifespan is not uniform and depends entirely on how they are cultivated—specifically, whether they are grown as a plant or used as a cut flower. Understanding the difference between hardy garden varieties and temporary florist types determines how long your mums will last.
Longevity Based on Cultivation Type
The lifespan of a chrysanthemum varies dramatically between garden mums and cut flowers. Garden mums, also known as hardy mums, are perennial plants bred to survive cold winters. When planted directly in the ground with proper care, these varieties can live for three to four years, or longer, in USDA hardiness zones 5 through 9.
In contrast, florist mums, which are sold as potted annuals or used in bouquets, have a far shorter lifespan. Potted florist mums are bred for maximum bloom display and are often treated as temporary seasonal decorations, lasting around four to eight weeks with consistent care. Cut chrysanthemums typically remain fresh in a vase for 10 days to three weeks when they receive proper attention.
Maximizing Longevity in the Garden
To ensure hardy garden mums return each spring, proper planting and year-round care are necessary for establishing a robust root system. Planting in the spring is recommended, giving the plant the entire growing season to establish the underground shoots that allow it to survive winter. Mums require at least six hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal growth and flowering.
The soil must be well-draining, as chrysanthemums do not tolerate wet feet, which can lead to root rot. Consistent moisture is beneficial during the active growth period, but the soil should never become waterlogged. Throughout the spring and early summer, use “pinching,” removing the growing tips of the stems to encourage a bushier plant structure and more flowers later in the season.
The most important care for multi-year survival involves overwintering strategies after the blooming season concludes. After the first hard frost, cut the stems back to about six to eight inches above the ground. Apply a heavy layer of insulating mulch, such as straw or shredded leaves, around the base of the plant to protect the crown and roots. This protective layer should be pulled back in the spring to allow new growth to emerge.
Extending the Life of Cut Chrysanthemums
The longevity of cut mums depends on reducing water loss and preventing bacterial growth. Immediately after bringing them home, recut the stems at a sharp angle using a clean knife or shears. This fresh cut increases the surface area for water absorption, which is the primary factor in keeping the flower hydrated.
Place the cut flowers in a vase with water and commercial flower food. If flower food is unavailable, a home solution can be made using sugar for energy and a few drops of bleach to inhibit microbial growth. Remove all foliage that would fall below the waterline, as submerged leaves quickly decay and contaminate the water.
The vase water should be changed every two days, and the stems should be trimmed again. To slow the metabolic process, keep the arrangement in a cool location, away from direct sunlight, drafts, and heat sources. Ripening fruit, which releases ethylene gas that accelerates flower aging, should also be kept away.