Bare root roses are dormant plants shipped without soil, making them a cost-effective way to purchase new varieties. Since these plants are lifted from the field and stored in a state of rest, they are highly susceptible to dehydration during transit. Proper rehydration is a necessary step in the planting process, offering the best chance for the rose to survive and establish itself in the garden. This initial care must be carefully managed to ensure a vigorous, healthy plant.
The Purpose of Pre-Planting Soaking
The primary reason for soaking bare root roses is to reverse the moisture loss that occurs while the plant is out of the soil. When the rose is dug up, its fine feeder roots dry out, compromising the cells responsible for water and nutrient uptake. Soaking allows these root tissues to become fully saturated through osmosis, restoring them to a hydrated state.
This rehydration also helps awaken the rose from dormancy. A well-hydrated root system handles the stress of transplanting better and forms new root hairs more quickly once placed in the soil. Ensuring the roots are moist before planting reduces the risk of transplant shock and maximizes the plant’s internal water reserves.
Safe Soaking Limits and Consequences of Overexposure
The recommended soaking time for bare root roses is between two and twelve hours, with many experts suggesting an overnight soak. This window provides sufficient time for the dehydrated root cells to absorb moisture. A practical maximum soaking time should not extend beyond 24 hours.
Exceeding the 24-hour limit, especially in still water, risks root suffocation. Rose roots require oxygen for respiration and healthy function. When submerged too long, dissolved oxygen is depleted, leading to anaerobic conditions. These environments encourage the growth of harmful, rot-forming organisms. The fine roots become soft and damaged, compromising the plant’s ability to anchor itself and absorb water and nutrients.
Essential Steps Immediately Following Soaking
Once soaking is complete, the roots should be inspected and prepared for the planting hole. Prune any roots that appear damaged, broken, or excessively long. Cutting off damaged tips encourages the growth of new, healthy roots that are better at absorbing water.
Before planting, ensure the soil in the hole is well-hydrated. The planting process involves creating a small cone or mound of soil at the bottom of the hole. Spread the rose’s roots carefully over this mound, ensuring they point downward and are not cramped. Backfilling the hole with soil while gently tamping it down removes air pockets, establishing firm contact between the roots and the soil. A thorough watering immediately after planting settles the soil and provides immediate access to moisture.
Alternative Holding Methods for Delayed Planting
If planting must be delayed past the safe soaking window, avoid continuous water immersion in favor of temporary storage methods.
For a short delay of a few days, wrap the rose roots in damp materials like peat moss, shredded newspaper, or wood shavings, and place them in a plastic bag. The material should be moist, not dripping wet. Store the package in a cool, dark, and frost-free location, such as a garage or unheated basement.
For delays of a week or longer, the most effective method is “heeling in.” This involves temporarily burying the rose in a shallow trench in a sheltered garden spot. Lay the rose at a 30 to 45-degree angle, covering the roots and part of the canes with loose soil or compost. This technique protects the roots from drying out and allows the plant to remain dormant until permanent planting is possible.