Dichondra is a low-growing perennial plant often used as a ground cover or a lawn alternative, particularly in warmer climates. Its dense, mat-forming habit and kidney-shaped leaves provide a lush, carpet-like appearance. It is well-regarded for its vigorous spreading nature, allowing it to quickly cover areas where traditional turf grasses may struggle.
How Dichondra Spreads
Dichondra spreads primarily through stoloniferous growth. It produces stolons, or runners, which are horizontal stems that creep along the soil surface. As these runners extend, they develop roots at their nodes wherever they contact moist soil. This allows new plants to establish and colonize new areas, forming a dense mat of foliage.
Factors Affecting Spread Rate
Several environmental and cultural conditions significantly influence how rapidly dichondra spreads. Light exposure plays a role, with dichondra performing best and spreading most vigorously in full sun conditions, typically at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. While it can tolerate partial shade, dense foliage and optimal spread may be reduced in shadier spots.
Consistent moisture is important for rapid spread; dichondra prefers evenly moist, well-draining soil. While it tolerates drought once established, prolonged soggy conditions can hinder growth. Ideal soil conditions include well-drained, loose soil, preferably a sandy loam, with a neutral pH range of 6.5 to 7.5. Clay soils are less suitable.
Adequate nutrients also encourage vigorous growth and spread. While dichondra tolerates poor soils, enriching the soil with organic matter or a balanced fertilizer, especially nitrogen, can significantly boost its growth. Temperature and climate are also important; dichondra thrives as a warm-season perennial, spreading best in consistent warm temperatures. It is hardy in USDA zones 7-11 and cannot withstand sustained temperatures below 25 degrees Fahrenheit.
Typical Spreading Speed
Under optimal growing conditions, dichondra spreads quickly, making it an effective ground cover. Established plants can spread several feet wide. When planted from seeds, dichondra can achieve total ground cover within 12 months, with lateral spread beginning as early as 6 months. Its efficient growth makes it a practical choice for covering large areas.
Managing Dichondra’s Spread
Encouraging Dichondra’s Spread
Managing dichondra’s spread involves encouraging faster growth for desired coverage and controlling its expansion. To encourage faster spread, consistent moisture, especially during establishment, promotes vigorous growth. Fertilization with a balanced, slow-release product or nitrogen during the active growing season also stimulates rapid expansion. Planting density plays a role; spacing initial plants or seeds appropriately, such as 6 to 12 inches apart for plants or 10 grams per square meter for seeds, allows for efficient coverage. Effective weed control, particularly in early stages, reduces competition and allows dichondra to establish and spread without hindrance.
Controlling Dichondra’s Spread
Conversely, if dichondra spreads too aggressively, several strategies can help control it. Physical barriers like edging can create a clear boundary to prevent runners from extending into unwanted zones. Regular mowing, especially where it borders other plants, keeps its spread in check; mowing at 1.5 to 2 inches (4-5 cm) every two weeks during summer maintains density. Selective removal of encroaching runners by hand or trowel is an option for smaller areas. Reducing water and nutrient input can also slow its aggressive growth, and a pre-emergent weed control can help manage its spread if it’s considered a weed in a lawn.