The Oklahoma Redbud, known scientifically as Cercis canadensis var. texensis, is an ornamental tree native to the southwestern United States. It is popular for its display of magenta-wine flowers that emerge in early spring before the leaves appear. This compact tree is valued for its heat and drought tolerance, making it a robust choice for many landscapes. Understanding the tree’s typical rate of development helps gardeners plan for its successful establishment.
Defining the Growth Rate
The Oklahoma Redbud is generally classified as a moderate or medium-speed grower, distinguishing it from the faster-growing Eastern Redbud variety. Under optimal conditions, this species typically adds between 12 to 24 inches (one to two feet) of vertical growth each year. This annual increase places it in the moderate category for flowering trees.
The rate of growth is not uniform throughout the tree’s life cycle. During the first year after planting, the tree focuses energy on establishing its root system. As a result, visible upward growth may be minimal during this initial establishment phase. Once the root system is secure, typically by the second year, it will begin to exhibit its characteristic annual growth rate of up to two feet.
Mature Size and Form
The final dimensions and shape of the tree are important considerations for landscape placement. The Oklahoma Redbud is considered a small stature tree, reaching a mature height that usually ranges between 12 and 20 feet. While some specimens may reach 25 feet, this is less common.
The tree develops a rounded crown that is often as wide as it is tall, with a mature spread typically ranging from 15 to 20 feet. It naturally exhibits a multi-trunked habit, which contributes to its graceful, somewhat irregular, and rounded crown structure. This compact form makes it an excellent choice for planting near patios or in small- to medium-sized yards.
Environmental Factors Affecting Speed
Achieving the maximum growth rate depends heavily on providing the appropriate cultural conditions. Sunlight exposure is a major determinant of vigor, with the tree performing best in full sun, which promotes faster growth and more abundant flowering. Although it can tolerate partial shade, insufficient light can lead to a leggy appearance and a substantial reduction in its annual growth.
Soil quality and drainage are also important, as the Oklahoma Redbud requires well-drained soil to thrive. While it is adaptable to various soil types, including clay and loam, heavy clay soil that retains too much water can severely slow growth. Regular watering is necessary during the first few seasons to help the tree establish its deep root system, though it becomes highly drought tolerant once established.
Management practices, such as proper pruning, also influence the tree’s long-term health and growth potential. The tree’s wood is naturally weak, and improper pruning that creates V-shaped crotches instead of U-shaped ones can lead to structural failure and disease entry points. Maintaining strong branch structure and avoiding over-pruning helps ensure the tree can sustain its optimal annual growth rate.