Colostrum, often called “liquid gold,” is the initial milk produced by the body during pregnancy. It is a unique, nutrient-dense substance crucial for a newborn’s early development and protection. This article discusses why some individuals choose to collect it before their baby’s arrival.
Understanding Colostrum
Colostrum is the first milk produced by mammary glands in late pregnancy and for the first few days after birth. It is thicker and often yellowish, distinct from mature milk. This “liquid gold” is rich in immunoglobulins, particularly secretory IgA, providing passive immunity against infections. These antibodies help protect the baby from various pathogens, building an initial defense system.
Beyond immune support, colostrum contains growth factors that aid in the development and maturation of the infant’s gut. It also offers a concentrated source of proteins, vitamins, and minerals, lower in fat and sugar than mature milk, making it easier for a newborn to digest. Even small amounts provide substantial benefits.
Why Consider Early Collection?
Collecting colostrum before birth can offer several advantages, especially for parents anticipating potential feeding challenges after delivery. A primary reason is to ensure the baby receives colostrum even if initial breastfeeding is delayed or difficult. This proactive measure is especially beneficial for infants who may have specific medical needs.
Early collection is often considered for individuals with gestational diabetes, as their newborns may experience low blood sugar levels after birth, and colostrum can help stabilize these levels. Other indications include expected feeding difficulties (e.g., cleft lip or palate) or a planned cesarean section that might delay the first feed. Having colostrum available provides peace of mind and ensures the baby receives this beneficial first milk.
When to Begin Collection
Initiating colostrum collection before birth, often referred to as antenatal hand expression, is generally considered safe to begin around 36 to 37 weeks of pregnancy. This timeframe allows the body to naturally prepare for milk production while minimizing any potential, though rare, risks. Always consult a healthcare provider (doctor, midwife, or lactation consultant) before beginning collection.
Medical history and current pregnancy status are important factors. Conditions like a history of preterm labor or a high-risk pregnancy might make early expression inadvisable. A healthcare professional can assess these circumstances, provide personalized guidance, and offer proper instruction for safe and effective collection.
Safe Collection Practices
Manual expression is the recommended method for antenatal colostrum collection, as it is gentle and effective. Ensure your hands are clean and you are in a comfortable, relaxed position. Place your thumb and forefinger on either side of the areola, about one to one and a half inches behind the nipple, forming a “C” shape. Gently compress your breast straight back towards your chest wall, then roll your thumb and forefinger together towards the nipple, without sliding them over the skin.
This compression and rolling motion helps to push colostrum from the milk ducts towards the nipple. Release the pressure, then repeat the motion, rotating your fingers around the areola to express from all areas of the breast. It may take several minutes for colostrum to appear, and initially, only a few drops may be expressed. Collect these precious drops into a sterile syringe or small, clean container, as even small amounts are beneficial.
For storage, label the syringe or container with the date and time of collection. Freshly expressed colostrum can be stored in a refrigerator for up to 24 hours, or it can be frozen immediately for longer storage, typically up to six months in a deep freezer. It is advisable to freeze colostrum in small, individual portions, such as 1ml syringes, to minimize waste when thawing for use.
While antenatal expression is safe for many, it is not appropriate for everyone. Those with a history of preterm labor, an incompetent cervix, or certain high-risk pregnancy complications should avoid early expression unless specifically advised and monitored by their healthcare provider. The stimulation of the nipple and breast can, in some cases, release oxytocin, which might theoretically lead to uterine contractions.
What If Early Collection Isn’t Possible?
It is important to understand that not everyone will be able to express colostrum before their baby is born, or they may only collect very small amounts. This is entirely normal and does not indicate issues with future milk supply or the ability to breastfeed successfully. The capacity to express colostrum antenatally varies greatly among individuals.
The body will naturally produce colostrum immediately after birth, and the baby will receive it during their first feeds. Even if no colostrum is collected before delivery, the benefits of this first milk will still be available to the newborn. The focus should remain on establishing feeding after birth, whether through direct breastfeeding or expressing milk as needed.