Bacterial vaginosis (BV) gel addresses an imbalance in the vaginal environment. Its primary purpose is to restore the natural conditions within the vagina, which can be disrupted by bacterial overgrowth. This gel aims to alleviate discomfort and other concerns associated with such an imbalance.
Understanding Bacterial Vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal condition resulting from a change in the normal balance of bacteria residing in the vagina. Under healthy conditions, the vagina is predominantly populated by Lactobacilli species. When BV occurs, there is an overgrowth of other bacteria, such as anaerobes, leading to an upset in this delicate bacterial balance.
This bacterial shift often results in an elevated vaginal pH, making the environment less acidic than its usual healthy range of 3.8 to 4.5. While some individuals with BV experience no symptoms, others may notice a thin, off-white or grayish vaginal discharge, a distinct “fishy” odor that can be more noticeable after sex, and sometimes mild itching or burning. This imbalance can potentially increase the risk of other infections if left unaddressed.
The Science Behind BV Gels
BV gels work by targeting bacterial imbalance and altered pH within the vaginal environment. The primary mechanism involves lowering the vaginal pH back to its natural acidic state. A healthy vaginal pH, typically between 3.8 and 4.5, creates an unfavorable environment for harmful bacteria while promoting beneficial Lactobacilli.
By re-acidifying the vagina, these gels inhibit the proliferation of BV-associated bacteria. This acidic environment is crucial because Lactobacilli thrive in lower pH conditions and produce lactic acid, further reinforcing the vagina’s natural defenses. The gels also provide a nutrient source that supports the growth of protective Lactobacilli, encouraging the restoration of a healthy vaginal microbiome. This dual action displaces undesirable bacteria and allows the natural vaginal flora to re-establish its dominance.
Key Components and Their Function
Lactic acid is a primary component, directly contributing to the gel’s ability to lower vaginal pH. This acidic environment is crucial for inhibiting the growth of bacteria associated with BV and fostering the proliferation of beneficial Lactobacilli, which naturally produce lactic acid themselves.
Another common ingredient is glycogen, which serves as a nutrient source. Lactobacilli utilize glycogen to produce more lactic acid, further acidifying the vaginal environment and strengthening its protective barrier. This relationship helps to restore and maintain the vaginal microbiome’s balance, creating conditions where Lactobacilli can thrive and outcompete other microorganisms.
Applying BV Gel
BV gels are designed for vaginal application. Most products come with pre-filled, single-use applicators, ensuring a hygienic and precise dosage. The gel is inserted into the vagina, usually at bedtime, to work effectively overnight.
A course of treatment usually spans several days, often five to seven consecutive nights. Always follow specific product instructions. Users may experience mild, temporary sensations during application. It is important to complete the full course of treatment as directed, even if symptoms improve before the treatment is finished.