Sempervivum tectorum, commonly known as Hens and Chicks, is a resilient succulent known for its dense, geometrical rosette shape. Its Latin name translates to “always living,” highlighting its hardiness and ability to thrive in challenging environments. This growth habit, where a larger “hen” rosette produces smaller “chick” offsets, makes it an attractive and easily propagated addition to rock gardens and containers. Understanding the correct planting technique is the first step toward successfully growing this low-maintenance perennial.
Correct Planting Depth and Procedure
The correct planting depth for Hens and Chicks is extremely shallow, prioritizing the exposure of the plant’s central base, or crown. Burying the crown is the most common mistake, as trapped moisture in the leaf folds quickly leads to rot. The goal is to ensure the base of the rosette sits level with or slightly above the surrounding soil surface.
Begin by digging a hole only deep enough to accommodate the plant’s shallow root system. Sempervivum naturally possess short roots, so a deep hole is unnecessary and can hinder proper drainage. Gently spread the roots outward as you place the rosette into the prepared space.
Once the plant is positioned, backfill the area around the roots with the chosen soil mix, then gently firm the soil to secure the plant. Do not mound soil up around the leaves; the lowest leaves of the rosette should rest directly on the surface. Applying a layer of coarse grit or small gravel immediately around the base prevents moisture from accumulating on the crown. This helps maintain good air circulation and reduces the risk of fungal issues.
Essential Site and Soil Conditions
Hens and Chicks prefer an open, sunny site to maintain their tight, colorful rosette form. They thrive best in locations that receive at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. In environments with intense summer heat, providing light afternoon shade can prevent the foliage from burning.
The most important requirement for the soil is excellent drainage, paramount for all succulents. In their native mountainous habitats, Sempervivum grow in rocky crevices with minimal soil, informing their preference for lean, gritty substrates. Heavy clay soil must be avoided because it holds too much water, causing the roots to remain wet and leading to rot.
Native soil should be amended heavily with materials like coarse sand, pumice, perlite, or fine gravel. A specialized cactus or succulent potting mix works well for container planting, often consisting of these gritty components. These amendments ensure that water passes quickly through the root zone, mimicking the sharp drainage of their natural rocky environment.
Replanting and Separating Offsets
The name Hens and Chicks refers to the plant’s prolific production of offsets, or “chicks,” which are clones developing on short horizontal stems called stolons. These offsets are the easiest way to propagate new plants and can be separated from the mother rosette during the growing season. The best time to remove them is once they are large enough to handle easily and have begun to develop their own roots.
To separate an offset, snip the stolon connecting the chick to the hen using a clean knife or shears. If the chick does not yet have roots, allow it to “callous” by drying in a shaded location for a day or two. This seals the wound and prevents infection. Rooted offsets can be replanted immediately, but even calloused, unrooted chicks readily develop roots when placed on top of suitable soil.
When replanting these offsets, use the same shallow planting technique as with the mature hen. Make a small depression in the gritty, well-draining soil and set the base of the chick just at the soil line. After planting, avoid watering for about a week to encourage the development of new roots and prevent the base from rotting.