Florida, known for its diverse ecosystems, is home to a significant population of American alligators, a native species deeply integrated into the state’s natural environment. These reptiles inhabit nearly all freshwater and brackish bodies across Florida’s 67 counties, occasionally venturing into saltwater. With an estimated 1.3 million alligators, Florida maintains a healthy and stable population.
The Data on Alligator Encounters
The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) records incidents involving alligators, providing insights into human-alligator interactions. Since 1948, the FWC has documented 489 unprovoked alligator bites as of May 2025. Of these, 31 resulted in fatalities; these incidents rarely result in serious injury or death. Given Florida’s large alligator population and human presence, the average of seven to eight unprovoked bites annually highlights their infrequency. The FWC manages these populations and ensures public safety.
Understanding Why Attacks Occur
Alligator attacks, while infrequent, stem from specific circumstances that alter the reptile’s natural behavior. A University of Florida study released in April 2025 revealed that “risky human behavior” contributed to 96% of recorded incidents. Most bites occurred when individuals were swimming or wading in areas known to be inhabited by alligators, particularly during dusk or dawn when alligators are most active. Alligators are opportunistic predators, and their reactions are often defensive or a case of mistaken identity, rather than intentional hunting of humans.
Human actions, such as feeding alligators, can lead them to associate people with food sources, causing them to lose their natural wariness. This habituation increases the likelihood of an alligator approaching humans, perceiving them or their pets as potential prey. Pets, especially small ones, can resemble an alligator’s natural food, elevating risk when near water bodies. Furthermore, human population growth has led to increased overlap between human development and alligator habitats, contributing to more potential encounters.
Living Safely Alongside Alligators
Coexisting safely with alligators involves adopting specific precautions, particularly when recreating in Florida’s freshwater environments. Never feed alligators, as this is illegal and causes them to lose their natural fear of humans. Maintain a safe distance from alligators, especially if one is spotted.
Swimming should be limited to designated areas and only during daylight hours, as alligators are more active between dusk and dawn. Pet owners should keep their animals on leashes and away from the water’s edge, ensuring they do not swim in fresh or brackish water. For concerns about alligators posing a threat to people, pets, or property, contact the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission’s Statewide Nuisance Alligator Program (SNAP) at 866-FWC-GATOR (866-392-4286). These nuisance alligators are removed by contracted trappers and are not relocated.