Colonoscopy preparation is necessary to ensure the success of the procedure, allowing the physician a clear view of the colon lining to detect and remove polyps. The strong laxative solution required for this cleansing process often leads to side effects, with nausea being the most frequently reported source of distress. Vomiting or an inability to complete the preparation due to stomach upset can result in a poorly cleansed colon, which may necessitate rescheduling the entire screening.
Making the Prep Solution Easier to Drink
Improving the taste and physical sensation of the prep solution is an effective first step in preventing nausea. Refrigerating the mixed solution for several hours before the first dose can help dull the taste receptors, making the large volume more palatable.
The choice of clear liquid used to mix or chase the prep can also mask the chemical or salty flavor. Acceptable options, which must be clear and avoid red, blue, or purple dyes that can interfere with the exam, include clear sports drinks, white grape juice, or clear lemonade flavoring.
It is important to confirm with the specific prep instructions which liquids are approved for mixing, as some preps are formulated to be mixed only with water. Sipping an approved clear liquid immediately after drinking the dose can serve as an effective chaser.
Changing the method of delivery can also bypass the majority of the taste buds. Using a straw and positioning it toward the back of the mouth allows the liquid to be swallowed more quickly and with less contact across the tongue. Chewing gum between sips or sucking on a clear hard candy, like a lemon drop, can further distract the mouth from the prep solution’s lingering taste.
Pacing and Timing Strategies for Consumption
The sheer volume of fluid consumed in a short period is a primary trigger for nausea. Drinking the solution too quickly can overwhelm the stomach, leading to feelings of fullness and subsequent vomiting. Sip the solution slowly, taking small amounts every few minutes rather than attempting to chug large glasses.
If nausea begins during consumption, taking a planned break allows the stomach to settle. Pausing for 10 to 15 minutes before resuming the prep at a slower pace often helps the sensation subside.
It is beneficial to remain upright and gently mobile after each dose, as lying down can exacerbate feelings of nausea and fullness. Gentle movement, such as walking around the house for a few minutes, can also help stimulate bowel activity.
The timing of the doses, often called a split-dose regimen, is designed to enhance both tolerability and cleansing effectiveness. This approach involves taking half the prep the evening before and the remaining half the morning of the procedure. If possible, scheduling the first dose earlier in the evening provides more time to consume the liquid without the pressure of a late bedtime, which can worsen nausea when combined with a full stomach.
Non-Pharmacological Comfort Measures
While modifying the liquid helps with palatability, several non-prescription methods can soothe the stomach during the prep process.
Ginger is a natural remedy for nausea, known to calm the digestive tract. Clear ginger ale, ginger tea, or ginger chews (if clear and allowed by the doctor) can be consumed between prep doses to help settle the stomach.
Peppermint is another natural anti-emetic useful for reducing stomach discomfort and gas. Peppermint hard candies or clear peppermint tea can provide a soothing effect on the gastrointestinal lining.
Mindful distraction can also shift focus away from unpleasant physical sensations. Watching a movie, reading, or listening to music helps occupy the mind, reducing the perception of nausea.
Physical positioning offers relief by minimizing pressure on the abdomen. Sit upright in a chair or stand rather than slouching or bending over.
Applying a cool compress or an ice pack to the back of the neck or forehead can stimulate the vagus nerve, which has a calming effect and can help alleviate feelings of motion sickness and nausea.
When to Seek Prescription Anti-Nausea Medication
Individuals with a history of severe motion sickness, migraine-related nausea, or previous difficulty with colonoscopy prep should proactively discuss options with a physician.
It is advisable to talk to the doctor before the prep begins to request a prescription anti-emetic medication, such as ondansetron (Zofran). Taking an anti-nausea medication 30 to 60 minutes before starting the prep dose can prevent nausea from ever taking hold, making the entire process more manageable.
Anti-nausea medication is sometimes necessary to ensure the patient completes the required preparation for an accurate screening.
If severe nausea leads to uncontrolled vomiting or an inability to keep any fluids down, stop the prep and contact the physician immediately.
Uncontrolled fluid loss and failure to consume the laxative solution can lead to dehydration and an incomplete cleanse. The medical team can provide guidance, potentially adjusting the prep regimen or confirming when it is safe to resume the solution.