Ravens and crows, both members of the Corvidae family, are intelligent, widely distributed birds often mistaken for one another due to their similar all-black plumage. While they share many characteristics, distinct differences exist. This article highlights key features that differentiate ravens from crows, focusing on their comparative dimensions.
Comparing Their Physical Dimensions
A primary distinction between ravens and crows lies in their overall size, with ravens consistently being the larger bird. Common Ravens typically measure between 22 and 27 inches (56 to 69 centimeters) in length. Their substantial wingspan ranges from approximately 45 to 60 inches (116 to 153 centimeters). Common Ravens are among the heaviest passerine birds, weighing anywhere from 1.5 to 4.96 pounds (0.69 to 2.25 kilograms).
American Crows are noticeably smaller. Their body length usually falls between 16 and 21 inches (40 to 53 centimeters). The wingspan of an American Crow is considerably less, typically ranging from 33 to 39 inches (85 to 100 centimeters). American Crows are much lighter than ravens, generally weighing between 11.2 and 21.9 ounces (316 to 620 grams). This size disparity means that if a bird appears particularly large for a “crow,” it might very well be a raven.
Other Visual Identification Markers
Beyond overall size, several other visual cues aid in distinguishing ravens from crows. Ravens possess a larger, thicker, and more curved beak. Crows have a proportionally smaller and straighter bill. Both species have bristles at the base of their beaks, but these are more pronounced and longer in ravens.
Observing their tails during flight provides another clear identifier. Ravens typically exhibit a wedge-shaped or diamond-shaped tail. Crows have a fan-shaped or squared-off tail. Ravens often display shaggy or ruffled feathers around their throat, known as hackles, which crows lack. In flight, ravens tend to soar and glide more frequently, while crows typically flap their wings more consistently.
Distinguishing Them by Sound and Movement
Auditory cues offer reliable ways to differentiate between ravens and crows, even when visual identification is challenging. Ravens are known for their deep, guttural croaking sounds. Their vocalizations are lower-pitched and more resonant. Crows produce a higher-pitched, repetitive “caw-caw” sound.
Social behavior and movement patterns provide clues. Ravens are less gregarious, often observed singly or in mated pairs, or small family units. They tend to inhabit more secluded, wilder areas. Crows are highly social birds that frequently congregate in larger groups, sometimes numbering in the hundreds or thousands, forming “murders.” These gatherings are a common sight in urban and suburban environments.