Pack rats, also known as woodrats, are common North American rodents recognized for their distinctive habit of collecting various objects, often shiny items, to build their intricate nests. These fascinating creatures inhabit a wide range of environments, from deserts to mountainous regions. Understanding their physical characteristics provides insight into these adaptable animals.
Pack Rat Size and Weight
Pack rats exhibit a range of sizes, varying slightly by species and geographical location. An average adult pack rat measures between 10 to 18.5 inches (25 to 47 cm) in total length, including their body and tail. Their body length, excluding the tail, is usually around 7 to 12 inches (18 to 30 cm). The tail often makes up about 50% of their total size.
Their weight also varies, with adult males generally weighing more than females. An average adult pack rat weighs between 7.4 to 21 ounces (211 to 600 grams). For instance, bushy-tailed woodrat males average about 14.3 ounces (405 grams), while females average around 9.5 ounces (270 grams). Their weight can fluctuate based on specific species and individual factors.
Physical Appearance Beyond Size
Beyond their measurements, pack rats possess several distinct physical traits. Their fur is soft and dense, often appearing as a blend of brown and gray on their backs, sometimes ranging to cinnamon, yellowish-gray, or creamy buff. Their undersides and feet are usually much lighter, often white or grayish. This coloration helps them blend into their diverse habitats.
A notable feature is their tail, which is long and covered in fur, unlike the scaly tails of some other rat species. Some species, like the bushy-tailed woodrat, have tails that are particularly full and almost squirrel-like in appearance. Pack rats also have relatively large ears that protrude outwards, along with large, dark, and wide-set eyes. These features contribute to their overall distinct appearance.
How Pack Rats Compare to Other Rodents
When comparing pack rats to more commonly known rodents, their size often places them between a house mouse and a Norway rat. House mice are considerably smaller, with adult bodies typically measuring 3-4 inches (7.6-10 cm) and weighing around 1 ounce (30 grams). Pack rats are noticeably larger than house mice.
Compared to Norway rats, pack rats are often similar in body length, as Norway rats average 7-10 inches (18-25 cm) in body length. Norway rats tend to be heavier, weighing between 7 to 18 ounces (200-510 grams), with some males reaching up to 23 ounces (650 grams). A key distinguishing feature is the tail: pack rats have furry tails, while Norway rats possess scaly, hairless tails. Pack rats generally have larger ears and softer fur than Norway rats, aiding in their identification.