The Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi) is a unique and iconic big cat native to the wetlands and forests of South Florida. As an endangered subspecies, its population faced significant decline, reaching as few as 20-30 individuals in the 1970s. Today, conservation efforts have helped stabilize their numbers.
Key Measurements
Adult Florida panthers exhibit distinct size differences between sexes. Males are noticeably larger than females, a pattern observed in many species. A mature male Florida panther typically measures between 1.8 to 2.2 meters (5.9 to 7.2 feet) from nose to the tip of its tail. These males can weigh from 45.5 to 75 kilograms (100 to 165 pounds), with some individuals exceeding 150 pounds.
Female Florida panthers are smaller, generally reaching about 1.8 meters (6 feet) in total length. Their weight ranges from 29 to 45.5 kilograms (64 to 100 pounds). Both sexes stand about 60 to 70 centimeters (24 to 28 inches) tall at the shoulder. Male panthers are, on average, 9.4% longer and 33.2% heavier than females, growing faster and for a more extended period.
How They Compare
The Florida panther is a subspecies of the broader cougar (Puma concolor) species, also known as mountain lions or pumas, found across the Americas. Compared to cougars from colder climates, Florida panthers are average-sized, being smaller than those in northern regions but larger than those in tropical areas. While they are generally considered slightly smaller and more compact than many common cougar populations, they possess a leaner build.
For perspective, a male Florida panther’s weight range of 100-165 pounds is comparable to that of a large adult human or a very large dog breed. Their length, often exceeding 6 feet, is similar to that of a tall person. Despite being part of the same species, the Florida panther has distinct physical traits, such as a broader, flatter skull and a characteristic kinked tail, which are linked to their unique genetic history.
What Shapes Their Size
Several factors influence the size of an individual Florida panther. Genetics play a significant role, determining the potential growth trajectory of each animal. Age is another important element, as panthers grow until they reach maturity, typically around 2-3 years old.
Diet and the availability of prey are fundamental to a panther’s development and overall size. Panthers that can consistently access larger prey, such as white-tailed deer and wild hogs, tend to be healthier and larger than those relying more on smaller animals like raccoons and armadillos. Overall health, including freedom from disease and injuries, also contributes to an individual’s ability to reach its full size potential. Habitat quality, which influences prey abundance, further shapes these majestic cats’ physical dimensions.