The bull moose, a majestic inhabitant of northern forests, is the largest member of the deer family globally. Recognized by their substantial size and broad, palmate antlers, they are an iconic sight. Their physical dimensions highlight their impressive scale.
Key Measurements of a Bull Moose
Adult male moose, or bulls, commonly stand 5 to 7 feet (1.5 to 2.1 meters) tall at the shoulder. The largest recorded bull moose was approximately 7.6 feet (2.3 meters) tall.
Bull moose generally weigh between 838 and 1,543 pounds (380 to 700 kilograms). The Alaskan subspecies can reach 1,200 to 1,600 pounds (544 to 726 kilograms). The heaviest bull moose recorded weighed 1,808 pounds (820 kilograms) in Yukon in 1897.
The antlers of a mature bull moose are a distinguishing feature, with typical spreads ranging from 3 feet 11 inches to 4 feet 11 inches (1.2 to 1.5 meters). Alaskan moose frequently have antler spreads around 5.9 feet (1.8 meters). Large antlers can span over 6 feet wide, with the widest recorded reaching 83 inches (2.1 meters). These antlers can weigh 25 to 30 pounds.
Factors Influencing Moose Size
Several factors contribute to variations in bull moose size. Age plays a significant role, with males typically reaching full body size between 7 and 9 years old. Antler growth generally peaks around age five, declining as bulls age.
Geographic location and subspecies variations also account for size differences. North America hosts four distinct subspecies: Alaska, Northwestern, Eastern, and Shiras moose. The Alaska moose is the largest, inhabiting northern Alaska and western Yukon. The Shiras moose, found in the southern range, is the smallest, with bulls weighing up to 1,200 pounds and standing 6 feet at the shoulder.
Food quality and availability further influence a moose’s growth and size. Access to nutrient-rich vegetation directly impacts their development and antler size. Moose are herbivores, consuming leaves, bark, twigs from trees like willow, birch, and aspen, and aquatic plants. A healthy diet supports robust growth and rapid mass gain.
Visualizing Their Immense Presence
To grasp a bull moose’s scale, consider comparisons to familiar objects. An average bull moose stands about a foot taller than a human at the shoulder. Their shoulder height can rival a standard front door or a professional basketball player. With its head raised, including antlers, a bull moose can reach 10 feet tall.
A bull moose’s weight is substantial; a full-grown Alaskan bull moose can be heavier than a small car. A single moose over 1,000 pounds can exceed a typical sedan’s load capacity. Their massive build creates an imposing presence, often making even large vehicles appear small in comparison.