Persimmon trees are popular deciduous trees in temperate climates. The mature size a persimmon tree reaches depends significantly on its species and the environment in which it grows. The two main types cultivated are the Asian persimmon and the American persimmon, each having a distinct size profile and growth habit.
Size Profile of Asian Persimmons (Diospyros kaki)
The Asian persimmon (Diospyros kaki) is the variety most frequently found in commercial orchards and home gardens. These trees are generally smaller and more manageable than their American counterparts. At maturity, a typical Asian persimmon tree reaches a height of 20 to 30 feet, with a spread of 15 to 25 feet.
The canopy usually develops into a rounded shape. Cultivars like ‘Fuyu’ and ‘Hachiya’ are commonly maintained at the lower end of this size range, often around 15 to 17 feet tall, particularly in commercial settings. Keeping the trees smaller allows for easier access to the fruit during harvest.
Size Profile of American Persimmons (Diospyros virginiana)
The American persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) is a native species known for its resilience and ability to thrive across a wide range of climates. This species tends to be much larger and taller than the Asian variety. American persimmon trees typically reach a height of 30 to 60 feet, though some specimens in the wild have been recorded reaching up to 80 feet.
The spread of the canopy is generally narrower in proportion to its height, typically ranging from 20 to 35 feet, giving the tree a more upright, oval, or pyramidal shape. In contrast, when growing on dry, poor sites, they may remain small and shrubby, sometimes only reaching 15 to 20 feet tall.
Environmental and Cultivation Factors Affecting Mature Size
The maximum size a persimmon tree achieves is a result of the interaction between its genetics and its growing conditions. Soil quality and depth are major determinants of a tree’s final stature, as poor or shallow soil restricts the expansion of the root system. Persimmons grow best in fertile, well-drained soil, allowing them to reach the higher end of their natural size range.
The climate and hardiness zone also influence growth. Asian persimmons are generally hardy in USDA Zones 7–10, while the American species can tolerate colder temperatures, growing in Zones 4–9. Trees planted outside their preferred climate zone may experience stunted growth or decline.
Cultivation methods, particularly professional pruning and training, are highly effective tools for size control. Although persimmon trees have a moderate growth rate, consistent annual pruning can keep the canopy significantly smaller than its genetic potential. Growers often use pruning techniques to maintain a smaller, more open structure, such as a central leader or open vase shape, which focuses the tree’s energy on fruit production.