The fisher, a carnivorous mammal indigenous to North America, is known for its elusive and predatory nature. It is a member of the Mustelidae family, which also includes weasels and otters. While sometimes referred to as a “fisher cat,” it is not related to felines. These adaptable animals inhabit forested regions across Canada and the northern United States, playing a role as skilled hunters.
Key Dimensions of Fisher Cats
Fisher cats exhibit noticeable sexual dimorphism, with males significantly larger than females. Adult male fishers typically measure between 90 and 120 centimeters (approximately 35 to 47 inches) in total length, which includes their tail. Their body length, excluding the tail, ranges from 47 to 75 centimeters (19 to 30 inches). Males generally weigh 3.5 to 6.0 kilograms (8 to 13 pounds), and exceptional individuals can reach up to 9 kilograms (20 pounds).
Female fishers are considerably smaller, with a total length usually between 75 and 95 centimeters (30 to 37 inches). Their weight averages 2.0 to 2.5 kilograms (4 to 6 pounds). For both sexes, the tail contributes a substantial portion to their overall length, typically measuring 30 to 42 centimeters (12 to 17 inches), accounting for approximately one-third of the animal’s total body measurement.
Physical Characteristics and Build
The fisher possesses a long, slender body that remains low to the ground. This elongated form is complemented by relatively short legs, contributing to their agile movements. A prominent feature is their bushy tail, which tapers towards the tip and aids in balance. Their head is broad with a short, narrow muzzle, small dark eyes, and rounded ears set close to the head.
The fur of a fisher is dense and typically dark brown to black, often appearing much darker in winter. The guard hairs on their head and shoulders can have hoary-gold or silver tips, giving them a grizzled appearance. This coloration helps them blend into their surroundings. Fishers are also equipped with five toes on each foot, featuring sharp, semi-retractable claws that facilitate their climbing abilities. Their highly mobile ankle joints allow their hind paws to rotate almost 180 degrees, enabling them to descend trees head-first.
Size Comparison
An adult male fisher can be likened in size to a large house cat or a small to medium-sized dog, such as a terrier. Adult females, being smaller, are more comparable to the size of an average house cat.
Fishers are notably larger than other members of the weasel family, such as mink and typical weasels. For instance, a fisher is significantly larger than a mink, which generally weighs up to 2.5 pounds, while male fishers can reach up to 13 pounds. Their robust build and proportions make them distinct from their smaller relatives, providing a tangible sense of their scale within North American wildlife.