Crows and ravens, both members of the Corvid family, are intelligent and widespread birds that often cause confusion due to their similar appearances. While both are entirely black, distinguishing them can be challenging. Size is a primary way to tell them apart, though other visual cues also aid identification.
Understanding Raven and Crow Dimensions
Ravens are consistently larger than crows across all measurable dimensions. A Common Raven typically measures between 22.1 and 27.2 inches (56-69 cm) in length. Their wingspan ranges from 45.7 to 46.5 inches (116-118 cm). Common Ravens are also heavier, generally weighing between 24.3 and 57.3 ounces (689-1625 grams).
In contrast, the American Crow is noticeably smaller. American Crows average about 15.8 to 20.9 inches (40-53 cm) in length. Their wingspan is typically between 33.5 and 39.4 inches (85-100 cm). American Crows are also lighter, with a weight range of 11.2 to 21.9 ounces (316-620 grams).
To put this into perspective, a raven can be as large as a Red-tailed Hawk, while a crow is more comparable in size to a pigeon. Ravens are almost always significantly larger than crows when observed side-by-side. This substantial difference in length, wingspan, and weight makes size a primary indicator for differentiation.
Visual Cues Beyond Size
Beyond their dimensions, several other visual and auditory characteristics distinguish ravens from crows. For instance, ravens possess a larger, thicker, and more curved beak compared to the crow’s smaller, straighter beak. Additionally, ravens have shaggy feathers, known as hackles, around their throat, which crows lack. These hackles are particularly visible when a raven vocalizes.
Tail shape, particularly during flight, offers another distinguishing feature. Ravens typically have a wedge-shaped or diamond-shaped tail, where the middle feathers are longer, creating a pointed appearance. Crows, conversely, have a fan-shaped or squared tail, with all tail feathers being roughly the same length.
Flight patterns also differ. Ravens often soar gracefully on air currents for extended periods, similar to raptors, with slower, more deliberate wingbeats. Their wingtips appear more pointed and have longer primary feathers, which are spread out like fingers. Crows, by contrast, tend to flap their wings more frequently and directly, with a less soaring flight style. Their wings appear more blunt and splayed at the tips.
Vocalizations provide a clear distinction. Ravens are known for their deep, guttural croaking sounds, often described as a “gronk-gronk” or “croak.” Crows produce the more familiar, higher-pitched “caw-caw” sound. Listening for these distinct calls can be a reliable method for identification, even when the birds are not clearly visible.