Coyotes are common and adaptable wild animals found throughout California. Their size is a point of interest for many residents.
Typical Physical Dimensions
Adult coyotes in California generally possess a lean, dog-like build. Their weight typically ranges from 15 to 35 pounds, though some individuals can be as light as 10 pounds or as heavy as 45 pounds. Males tend to be larger and heavier than females. At the shoulder, coyotes usually stand between 18 to 26 inches tall. Their body length, excluding the tail, ranges from approximately 32 to 37 inches, with the bushy, black-tipped tail adding another 12 to 16 inches. For comparison, an adult coyote is often similar in size to a medium-sized domestic dog breed, such as a Border Collie, but with a noticeably more slender frame and a longer, narrower snout.
Geographic Variations Within California
Coyote size varies subtly with habitat within California. For instance, coyotes found in more mountainous regions may be larger and have a stouter build and heavier fur compared to those in the central valley plains. Coyotes in southern California, for example, are often noted with an average weight between 18 to 25 pounds. Northeastern California coyotes, in older data, averaged around 25 pounds.
Factors Influencing Coyote Size
Several environmental and biological factors contribute to the size of individual coyotes and the average size of populations. Food availability plays a significant role; a consistent and nutrient-rich diet can lead to larger individuals, while scarcity might result in smaller animals. Urban environments, for instance, can offer abundant food sources like rodents, discarded human food, and pet food, which can influence coyote health and size. Habitat quality and climate can also indirectly affect size, as harsh winters or limited resources in certain areas might lead to reduced growth rates. Genetic factors inherently shape an individual’s growth potential, though this is often expressed in conjunction with environmental conditions.
Coexisting with California Coyotes
Understanding the typical size of coyotes is helpful for effective coexistence. Their moderate size makes them capable predators of small animals, including rodents, rabbits, and unprotected small pets. To minimize conflicts, it is important to secure all outdoor food sources, including pet food, birdseed, and garbage with tight-fitting lids. Residents should also secure small pets, especially during dawn and dusk when coyotes are most active. If a coyote approaches, hazing techniques can be used to reinforce their natural wariness of humans; this involves making loud noises, waving arms, or throwing objects towards them, while maintaining eye contact and never running away.