Fluvoxamine ER is a medication prescribed to treat certain mental health conditions. It is an extended-release formulation, meaning the active ingredient is released slowly into the body over time. This medication belongs to a class of drugs known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs. Fluvoxamine ER is available as an oral capsule.
Conditions Treated by Fluvoxamine ER
Fluvoxamine ER is primarily indicated for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in adults. OCD is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent, intrusive thoughts or images (obsessions) and repetitive, purposeful behaviors (compulsions). These obsessions or compulsions can cause significant distress, consume a considerable amount of time, and interfere with a person’s daily functioning.
While its primary indication is OCD, fluvoxamine may also be used to treat other conditions such as anxiety disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, or binge eating disorder. Healthcare providers determine if fluvoxamine ER is a suitable treatment option based on individual patient profiles and diagnostic criteria for these conditions.
How Fluvoxamine ER Works
Fluvoxamine ER specifically targets serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain that helps regulate mood. Nerve cells in the brain release serotonin, and after it transmits its signal, it is typically reabsorbed by the nerve cells.
Fluvoxamine ER works by blocking this reabsorption process, known as reuptake. By inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, more of this neurotransmitter remains active in the spaces between nerve cells, which are called synapses. The extended-release aspect ensures fluvoxamine is slowly released, contributing to more stable serotonin levels throughout the day.
Guidelines for Safe Use
Fluvoxamine ER should be taken orally with a glass of water, and it can be taken with or without food. It is typically prescribed for once-daily administration, often at bedtime. Patients should follow the specific directions provided on the prescription label and by their healthcare provider.
It is important to take doses at regular intervals and to avoid cutting, crushing, or chewing the extended-release capsules. If a dose is missed, individuals should consult their doctor or pharmacist for guidance. Patients should not stop taking fluvoxamine ER suddenly without their healthcare provider’s advice, as this can lead to withdrawal symptoms.
Potential Side Effects and Warnings
Fluvoxamine ER can cause various side effects, ranging from mild to more serious. Common mild side effects include nausea, sleepiness, weakness, dizziness, trouble sleeping, and dry mouth. These mild effects often improve within a few days or weeks as the body adjusts to the medication.
More serious side effects warrant immediate medical attention, such as signs of serotonin syndrome, which can include agitation, confusion, a fast heartbeat, muscle stiffness, and high fever. There is also a boxed warning from the FDA regarding an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors, particularly in children, adolescents, and young adults, especially during the initial months of treatment or following dose adjustments. Patients and caregivers should monitor for new or worsening depression, unusual behavior changes, or suicidal thoughts.
Fluvoxamine ER can interact with other medications, increasing the risk of adverse effects. It should not be used with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) due to the heightened risk of serotonin syndrome. Other potential interactions include those with blood thinners like warfarin, aspirin, and NSAIDs, which can increase the risk of bleeding. Individuals with pre-existing conditions such as bipolar disorder, bleeding disorders, glaucoma, heart disease, or liver disease should discuss these with their healthcare provider before starting fluvoxamine ER.