Fig trees can suffer from sunburn when exposed to excessive or sudden sunlight, especially if not accustomed to intense light. This condition impacts their health and fruit production.
Identifying Fig Tree Sunburn
Sunburn on fig trees shows distinct visual symptoms. Leaves often display discolorations like darker colors, lighter spots, silverish patches, or brown areas. These changes result from cell damage caused by excessive sunlight, affecting the leaf’s ability to photosynthesize. Affected leaves may also become crispy, curl, and eventually fall off.
On developing figs, sunburn can appear as browning, shriveling, or leathery spots. The fruit may also become lower quality. Exposed young bark and trunks might show signs of blistering or cracking.
Understanding Fig Tree Sunburn Causes
Several environmental factors contribute to fig tree sunburn. A common cause is a rapid transition from a low-light environment to direct, high-intensity sunlight. This frequently occurs when potted fig trees are moved outdoors from indoors or a shaded area without proper acclimatization. Young or newly planted fig trees are more susceptible than established ones, as their leaves lack protective mechanisms.
Prolonged exposure to intense, unfiltered midday sun, especially during heatwaves, increases the risk of sunburn. Nearby reflective surfaces, such as concrete patios or light-colored walls, can intensify sunlight exposure. Inadequate watering also makes trees more vulnerable, as dehydration reduces their ability to regulate temperature and maintain turgidity.
Preventing Fig Tree Sunburn
Preventing fig tree sunburn involves several proactive strategies. Gradually introducing trees to increasing sunlight, a process known as hardening off, is effective for potted plants moved outdoors. This involves slowly increasing sun exposure over several days or weeks.
Strategic placement can minimize sun exposure during the harshest parts of the day. Planting fig trees in locations that receive some afternoon shade, especially in hotter climates, can reduce direct sunlight intensity. Utilizing natural shade from other structures or larger plants also helps. Shading techniques, such as deploying shade cloth, temporary covers, or umbrellas during peak sun hours or heatwaves, offer protection. Shade cloth with a 30-40% light block is recommended to balance protection with adequate light for growth.
Consistent and deep watering is important, particularly during hot, dry periods. Mulching around the base of the fig tree helps conserve soil moisture and regulate soil temperature. An organic mulch layer of two to three inches is recommended.
Caring for a Sunburned Fig Tree
Once a fig tree has experienced sunburn, immediate action can support its recovery. For potted trees, promptly move them to a shadier location; for in-ground trees, provide temporary shade. This reduces further stress and allows the plant to recuperate. Consistent watering is important to aid recovery, ensuring the tree receives adequate moisture without becoming waterlogged.
Patience is necessary during recovery, as new, healthy growth will emerge over time. Severely damaged leaves or fruit can be carefully removed to encourage new growth. This should be done after the immediate threat of intense sun has passed and new foliage begins to appear. Removing damaged leaves allows the plant to redirect energy towards new, functional leaves.