Experiencing ringing in the ears while sick, known as tinnitus, is common. Tinnitus involves perceiving sounds like ringing, buzzing, humming, or hissing when no external sound is present. While concerning, this symptom is often temporary and resolves as the underlying illness improves. Understanding why this happens and what to do helps manage the experience.
Why Ears Ring When You Are Sick
Illness can lead to temporary ringing in the ears due to physiological changes within the auditory system. During an infection, the body’s immune response causes inflammation, which may affect delicate ear structures. This inflammation can contribute to fluid buildup in the middle ear, increasing pressure behind the eardrum.
The Eustachian tubes connect the middle ear to the back of the throat, helping equalize ear pressure. When sick, these tubes can become blocked or inflamed due to congestion and mucus. This blockage prevents proper air circulation and pressure regulation, leading to fullness, muffled hearing, and perceived internal sounds like ringing or buzzing. Increased pressure can also irritate tiny hair cells within the inner ear, which transmit sound signals to the brain.
Illnesses That Can Cause Ringing Ears
Common illnesses are associated with temporary tinnitus. Upper respiratory infections, such as colds, influenza, and sinus infections, often lead to nasal congestion and Eustachian tube dysfunction, causing ear pressure changes that manifest as ringing. Ear infections, particularly otitis media, cause inflammation, swelling, and fluid buildup behind the eardrum, resulting in tinnitus.
Fever, a common symptom of many infections, can contribute to temporary tinnitus. Some over-the-counter medications may induce ringing in the ears as a side effect. For instance, decongestants and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), especially at higher doses, have been linked to temporary tinnitus.
When to See a Doctor
While ringing in the ears during an illness is often temporary, certain signs warrant medical attention. If the ringing persists after the illness resolves or occurs in only one ear, consult a healthcare provider. Sudden hearing loss accompanied by tinnitus is a red flag requiring prompt evaluation.
Other concerning symptoms include severe ear pain, dizziness, vertigo, or any discharge from the ear, as these may indicate a more serious condition. If the ringing significantly interferes with daily activities, concentration, or sleep, a doctor can offer guidance and management strategies. Seeking timely medical advice ensures proper diagnosis and appropriate care.
Ways to Manage Ringing Ears
Managing temporary ringing in the ears while recovering from an illness involves treating the underlying condition. Adequate rest and hydration support the body’s natural healing processes. Over-the-counter remedies like decongestants can help reduce nasal and Eustachian tube congestion, alleviating ear pressure and the associated ringing.
Applying a warm compress to the ear or using steam inhalation can help clear nasal passages and reduce pressure. Avoid exposure to excessively loud noises, which can exacerbate tinnitus. Simple distraction techniques, such as playing gentle background music or white noise, can make the ringing less noticeable.