Understanding STI diagnosis can sometimes be confusing. Many individuals wonder if one STI test can detect multiple infections. This article clarifies whether trichomoniasis, a prevalent STI, can be identified through a chlamydia test.
Distinct Tests for Distinct Infections
Trichomoniasis does not appear on a chlamydia test because these infections are caused by different organisms. Chlamydia is a bacterial infection, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. In contrast, trichomoniasis is caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic protozoan. Tests designed for one will not find the other.
Diagnostic tests for STIs identify unique genetic material or antigens specific to a pathogen. For chlamydia, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are the preferred method, detecting the bacterium’s DNA or RNA in samples like urine or swabs from affected areas such as the cervix, vagina, urethra, throat, or rectum. NAATs are highly sensitive and accurate. Samples for chlamydia testing can often be self-collected, such as vaginal swabs or first-void urine.
For trichomoniasis, NAATs are also considered the most sensitive and accurate method for detection. These tests look for the Trichomonas vaginalis parasite in urine or fluid samples from the genitals. While a healthcare provider might collect a sample, self-collected urine or vaginal swabs can also be used for NAAT-based tests. Despite some overlap in sample collection methods, laboratory analysis targets different biological markers for each infection.
Getting Tested: What You Need to Know
If concerned about sexually transmitted infections, have an open conversation with a healthcare provider. Discussing potential exposures and symptoms helps determine appropriate tests. Since chlamydia and trichomoniasis require separate tests, ask to be tested for both, along with other relevant STIs.
STI testing often involves providing a urine sample or a swab from an affected area, such as the genitals, throat, or rectum, depending on potential exposure. Many clinics offer confidential and affordable testing services. Some at-home testing kits are also available, which may test for multiple STIs, including chlamydia and trichomoniasis.
After samples are collected, they are sent to a laboratory for analysis, with results typically available within a few days. Follow-up for results and treatment is necessary. If an infection is diagnosed, adhere to prescribed treatment and inform sexual partners for their own testing and treatment to prevent re-infection and further spread.