Trazodone is a medication primarily prescribed to manage major depressive disorder. It can help improve mood, appetite, energy levels, and decrease anxiety and insomnia often associated with depression. While beneficial for many, individuals often inquire about potential side effects, including headaches.
Headaches and Trazodone
Headaches are a known and relatively common side effect experienced by some individuals taking trazodone. Reports indicate that up to 20% of users may experience headaches. These headaches can vary in intensity, ranging from mild discomfort to more severe pain. Headaches are often reported among the more common side effects, alongside drowsiness and dry mouth. They typically appear early in the course of treatment as the body adjusts to the medication.
How Trazodone Affects the Body
Trazodone works primarily by influencing serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain. It increases serotonin levels by inhibiting its reuptake by nerve cells, essentially making more serotonin available in the brain. Trazodone also acts as an antagonist at certain serotonin receptors, specifically 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors, and alpha-1 adrenergic receptors.
The exact way trazodone causes headaches is not fully understood, but it is believed to relate to its effects on serotonin and blood vessels. Serotonin can influence the constriction and dilation of blood vessels, including those in the head. Changes in serotonin levels or its receptor activity can affect blood flow and nerve signals, potentially leading to headache sensations. Other central nervous system side effects, such as dizziness or lightheadedness, may also accompany headaches.
What to Do About Headaches
If you experience headaches while taking trazodone, it is important to communicate with your healthcare provider. They may suggest strategies such as adjusting the timing of your medication, for example, taking it after a meal or snack to improve tolerability. Ensuring adequate hydration by drinking plenty of fluids throughout the day can also be helpful.
For mild to moderate headaches, over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen may offer relief. Your doctor might consider adjusting your trazodone dosage if headaches are frequent or severe. However, any dosage changes or decisions to stop the medication should only be made under the guidance of a healthcare professional. If headaches persist, worsen, or are accompanied by other concerning symptoms, seeking prompt medical advice is important.