Tasmania, an island state known for its distinct wildlife and landscapes, is home to several native snake species, despite a common misconception that it lacks them. While present, encounters are not a daily occurrence for most residents or visitors. This article explores the specific types of snakes found in Tasmania and provides practical advice for safety during outdoor activities.
Tasmania’s Native Snake Species
Tasmania hosts three native snake species, all of which are venomous: the Tiger Snake, the Lowland Copperhead, and the White-lipped Snake. These species have adapted to the island’s cooler climate, exhibiting dark coloration to absorb heat efficiently. Despite their venom, they are generally shy and prefer to avoid human interaction.
The Tiger Snake (Notechis scutatus) is highly variable in appearance, with colors ranging from jet black to yellow or sandy grey, sometimes featuring distinct cross-bands. These snakes can grow to lengths between 1 to 1.8 meters. They inhabit a wide range of environments, including wetlands, grasslands, woodlands, and rocky areas, often found near water bodies. Their venom is highly potent, capable of causing serious health issues if a bite occurs.
The Lowland Copperhead (Austrelaps superbus) typically measures 1 to 1.5 meters in length and displays a diverse color palette, from coppery brown to yellowish, reddish, grey, or black. This species prefers areas with low vegetation, particularly near water sources like wetlands and grasslands. While its venom is moderately toxic, bites are rare as these snakes are generally inoffensive.
The White-lipped Snake (Drysdalia coronoides) is the smallest of Tasmania’s native snakes, usually measuring 30 to 40 centimeters, though some individuals may reach up to 60 centimeters. It is characterized by a dark olive, grey, or brown body with a distinctive white or cream stripe along its upper lip. These snakes are often found in wet and dry sclerophyll forests, heathlands, and coastal regions, seeking shelter under leaf litter, logs, and rocks. Their venom is considered mild and poses minimal threat to humans.
Staying Safe Around Snakes
Encountering a snake in Tasmania is possible, particularly in natural habitats. Risks can be minimized with awareness and appropriate actions, with prevention being the primary approach. When exploring bushland, long grass, or rocky areas, wear sturdy footwear and long pants. Keeping residential yards tidy by clearing debris and maintaining short grass can also deter snakes.
Making noise while walking in areas where snakes might be present can encourage them to move away, as they typically prefer to avoid human contact. Should you encounter a snake, remain calm and maintain a safe distance. Do not attempt to provoke, approach, or handle the snake, allowing it space to retreat naturally.
In the event of a snakebite, call emergency services by dialing 000 without delay. While waiting for medical help, apply a pressure immobilization bandage to the bitten limb, firmly wrapping an elastic bandage from the bite site upwards. The limb should then be immobilized with a splint or sling. Do not wash the bite area, cut the wound, attempt to suck out venom, or apply a tourniquet, as these actions can worsen the situation. All three Tasmanian snake species’ venoms are treated with the same anti-venom, simplifying medical response.
Common Misconceptions About Tasmanian Snakes
The misconception that Tasmania is entirely free of snakes is prevalent. This belief likely stems from the island’s geographical isolation, as the Bass Strait has limited the diversity of snake species compared to mainland Australia, which hosts over 100 species. Additionally, snakes are generally not as frequently encountered as in some mainland regions, and this lower visibility might contribute to the persistence of the “no snakes” myth. Any perceived aggressive behavior from snakes is typically a defensive response to feeling threatened or cornered, rather than an unprovoked attack. Snakes are inherently shy creatures that prefer to move away from disturbances.