Many wonder if tartar removal is painful. While some discomfort is possible, the procedure is generally manageable and important for oral health. Understanding the process and factors that influence sensation can help manage expectations.
Understanding Tartar and Its Importance
Tartar, also known as dental calculus, is a hardened form of dental plaque that accumulates on teeth both above and below the gum line. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria, food particles, and saliva that constantly forms on teeth. If plaque is not removed through daily brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar within 24 to 72 hours.
Unlike soft plaque, tartar cannot be removed by regular brushing and flossing; it requires professional dental tools. This hardened deposit is rough and porous, providing an ideal surface for more plaque to accumulate, which can lead to various oral health issues. Its presence can contribute to gum disease, including gingivitis (gum inflammation) and periodontitis, as well as tooth decay and bad breath. Regular professional cleaning is important for preventing these conditions and supporting overall health.
What Happens During Tartar Removal
Professional tartar removal, often called scaling, is performed by a dentist or dental hygienist. The procedure involves using specialized instruments to dislodge and remove hardened deposits from the tooth surfaces and along the gum line. Two primary types of tools are commonly employed: manual scalers and ultrasonic scalers.
Manual scalers, such as curettes and sickles, are hand-held instruments that scrape away tartar. These tools come in various shapes and sizes, designed to access different areas of the mouth and remove deposits from tooth surfaces and beneath the gum line. Ultrasonic scalers use high-frequency vibrations, typically ranging from 25,000 to 50,000 vibrations per second, to break down tartar and stains. These devices also feature a water spray that flushes away loosened debris and cools the tip, creating tiny bubbles through cavitation that dislodge plaque and tartar.
Why Discomfort Can Occur
Discomfort during tartar removal can arise from several factors, varying among individuals. One significant factor is the amount and hardness of tartar buildup. More extensive or deeply embedded tartar often requires more effort and pressure to remove, which can increase sensation, especially for deposits located beneath the gum line.
Gum inflammation, a condition often caused by plaque and tartar buildup, also plays a role. Gums affected by gingivitis or periodontitis are typically swollen, tender, and may bleed easily, making them more sensitive to touch during the cleaning process. Pre-existing tooth sensitivity, where the dentin layer of the tooth is exposed due to gum recession or enamel wear, can also lead to heightened sensations. When dental tools come into contact with these sensitive areas, it can stimulate the nerves and cause temporary sharp pain. Individual pain thresholds also differ, meaning what one person finds mildly uncomfortable, another might perceive as more intense.
Strategies for a Comfortable Experience
Several strategies can help minimize discomfort during and after tartar removal. Open communication with your dental hygienist or dentist is important; inform them about any sensitivity, anxiety, or areas of concern before and during the procedure. They can adjust their technique or offer solutions based on your feedback.
To manage discomfort, topical anesthetics (often in gel form) can numb the gum tissue surface before cleaning, or for significant sensitivity, a local anesthetic injection might be used to numb specific areas. Taking breaks during the cleaning can also provide relief. After the procedure, some temporary sensitivity or gum soreness is common. This can typically be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen, warm salt water rinses to reduce inflammation, and by consuming soft foods for a day or two. Maintaining regular dental cleanings helps prevent excessive tartar buildup, which can make future appointments quicker and more comfortable.