Septoplasty is a common surgical procedure performed to address issues within the nasal passages. It is one of the most frequently performed ear, nose, and throat (ENT) procedures, focusing on internal nasal structures to improve their function.
Understanding Septoplasty
The nasal septum is a wall of bone and cartilage that divides the inside of the nose into two separate chambers or nostrils. For many individuals, the septum is not perfectly straight; this condition is known as a deviated septum. A deviated septum means the wall is off-center, potentially blocking one or both nostrils and interfering with airflow.
A deviated septum can be present from birth or result from an injury. When the deviation is significant enough to cause symptoms, a septoplasty may be recommended. The procedure aims to correct a deviated septum by straightening and repositioning the bone and cartilage to restore proper airflow. This involves trimming, centering, or sometimes replacing parts of the septum.
Surgeons typically perform septoplasty through incisions made inside the nose, meaning there are no visible external scars. During the procedure, the surgeon lifts the mucous membrane lining the septum to access the underlying cartilage and bone. These structural elements are then reshaped, repositioned, or removed as needed to achieve a straighter septum. After the septum is straightened, the mucous membrane is returned to its original place and secured with dissolvable stitches.
Septoplasty and Nasal Appearance
Septoplasty’s primary objective is to improve the internal function of the nose, specifically by enhancing airflow and breathing. While the surgery addresses the internal structure, it is not intended to change the external appearance or cosmetically straighten the nose. The focus remains on correcting the internal deviation of the septum to alleviate breathing difficulties.
Despite its functional purpose, some subtle external changes might occur, particularly if the original septal deviation was severe and visibly impacted the nose’s external shape. For instance, if a significantly crooked septum contributed to an outwardly crooked nose, straightening it internally could lead to a more symmetrical appearance. However, such noticeable cosmetic improvements are not the primary goal and are not guaranteed outcomes of septoplasty.
It is important to differentiate septoplasty from rhinoplasty. Rhinoplasty is a cosmetic surgical procedure designed to alter the external shape, size, or proportions of the nose for aesthetic appearance. While septoplasty targets internal structures for functional improvement, rhinoplasty focuses on external changes. In some cases, a combined procedure called septorhinoplasty may be performed if a patient desires both functional improvement and cosmetic changes to the nose.
Indications for Septoplasty and Expected Outcomes
Septoplasty is performed for several medical reasons, primarily when a deviated septum causes significant health issues. One common indication is chronic breathing difficulties through one or both nostrils, often described as nasal obstruction. This obstruction can make everyday activities challenging and affect overall quality of life.
Another reason for septoplasty is recurrent nosebleeds. Chronic sinusitis, which involves persistent inflammation of the sinuses, can also be an indication for septoplasty, as a deviated septum can impair proper sinus drainage. Sleep disturbances like snoring or obstructive sleep apnea may prompt a septoplasty if linked to a blocked nasal airway.
Patients undergoing septoplasty can expect significant functional improvements. The primary expected outcome is enhanced nasal airflow, making it easier to breathe through the nose. This can lead to a reduction in nasal congestion and improved sleep quality. Many patients also report a decrease in sinus infections due to better drainage. Patients often notice improved breathing shortly after the surgery.