Tendonitis causes pain and discomfort, prompting many to explore non-invasive physical therapy. One such method is “scraping,” also known as Gua Sha or Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM). Understanding this technique is key to evaluating its role in managing tendonitis.
Understanding Tendonitis
Tendonitis is the inflammation or irritation of a tendon, the fibrous cords connecting muscles to bones. It can affect various body parts, such as elbows, knees, shoulders, hips, and Achilles tendons. Repetitive motions, sudden injuries, or age-related degeneration often contribute. For example, overhead movements can cause shoulder tendonitis, while certain sports or occupations might lead to wrist or elbow tendonitis.
Symptoms include localized pain and tenderness near a joint, often worsening with movement. Affected areas may also exhibit stiffness, swelling, or a cracking sensation. While acute cases stem from sudden strain, chronic tendonitis involves tendon tissue degeneration, sometimes called tendinosis.
Understanding Scraping Therapy
Scraping therapy, or Gua Sha/IASTM, is a manual technique using specialized tools on the skin. These smooth-edged instruments are made from materials like stainless steel, ceramic, or plastic. During a session, a practitioner applies lubricant and strokes the affected area unidirectionally with the tool.
The technique addresses soft tissue dysfunctions, targeting muscles, tendons, ligaments, and fascia. Traditional Gua Sha uses gentler strokes, often causing temporary redness, while IASTM applies firmer, more focused pressure. Trained physical therapists, chiropractors, and acupuncturists commonly perform these therapies.
How Scraping May Influence Tendon Healing
Scraping therapy is believed to influence tendon healing through several mechanisms. The controlled pressure and friction can increase local blood flow. This enhanced circulation delivers oxygen and nutrients for tissue repair and removes metabolic waste. The mechanical action also stimulates a mild, localized inflammatory response. This response, though seemingly counterintuitive, initiates the body’s natural healing processes, encouraging tissue remodeling and regeneration.
The therapy also helps break down scar tissue and adhesions that restrict movement and cause pain. By breaking down these fibrous tissues, scraping may improve tissue quality and enhance collagen synthesis, promoting organized tendon fiber healing.
Some theories suggest scraping can influence the nervous system, potentially reducing pain signals and muscle tension. While anecdotal reports and small studies suggest positive outcomes like improved range of motion and reduced pain, robust, large-scale clinical trials are still needed to confirm the widespread efficacy of scraping therapy for tendonitis. A small study on rats indicated scraping might promote healing through increased fibroblast proliferation, though direct translation to human healing requires further research.
Considerations for Seeking Scraping Therapy
Individuals considering scraping therapy for tendonitis should seek a qualified practitioner, such as a physical therapist, chiropractor, or sports medicine doctor. These professionals can diagnose the condition and determine if scraping is appropriate for a comprehensive treatment plan.
During a session, patients might experience mild discomfort, especially in areas with tension or adhesions. Temporary redness or bruising (petechiae) is a common side effect, typically fading within days.
While generally safe, scraping is often integrated into a broader rehabilitation program including exercises, rest, and other modalities. It is a complementary approach, not a standalone cure, supporting natural healing and improved function. Consulting a healthcare professional is important to align therapy with individual needs and identify contraindications, such as circulation issues or blood thinners.