Rotten wood is wood that has undergone decomposition, changing its fundamental properties. This article explores its characteristics, how it burns, and important considerations for its use.
The Nature of Rotten Wood
Rotten wood results from natural decomposition, primarily driven by fungi and bacteria. These microorganisms break down complex polymers like cellulose and lignin, which provide wood’s structural integrity.
This breakdown changes the wood’s chemical structure and physical properties. Decayed wood becomes less dense than sound wood due to the loss of structural components. It also absorbs and retains more moisture, even if dry, acting like a sponge. Wood decay fungi require moisture levels above 20% to thrive.
How Rotten Wood Burns
Rotten wood burns, but its combustion differs from solid, seasoned wood. If very dry, its altered structure might allow it to ignite more easily due to increased porosity. However, if it retains high moisture, it will be difficult to light and sustain a flame because energy is expended evaporating water before combustion.
The heat output from rotten wood is lower compared to an equivalent volume of sound wood. Decomposition reduces the wood’s energy content. Instead of a strong flame, rotten wood often burns with a duller flame and may smolder. This smoldering combustion increases smoke production due to incomplete burning.
Rotten wood leaves more ash than sound wood. Incomplete combustion and fungal remnants contribute to this. While it can produce persistent embers, the overall burning experience is less efficient and predictable than with good firewood.
Practical Considerations and Safety
Using rotten wood as firewood is not recommended. Its low heat output means more wood is needed for warmth, making it inefficient. The excessive smoke produced can be irritating and contribute to poor indoor air quality. This smoke can also lead to increased creosote buildup in chimneys, a fire hazard.
Safety concerns also arise when burning rotten wood. Its brittle nature can cause it to spark more frequently, increasing the risk of stray embers. Burning moldy or fungal wood can release spores into the air, which may cause respiratory irritation or allergic reactions. It might also contain insect infestations that could be brought indoors.
For disposal, rotten wood is best composted or left to decompose outdoors. If wood is only partially rotten, separate sound portions for burning and discard decayed parts. Proper storage, keeping wood dry and elevated, prevents further decay and maintains its quality.