Keratosis Pilaris (KP) is a common skin condition characterized by small, rough bumps, often found on the arms, thighs, and buttocks. Many individuals affected by KP seek various treatments to manage its appearance and associated symptoms. Red Light Therapy (RLT) has emerged as a potential non-invasive option.
Understanding Keratosis Pilaris
Keratosis pilaris is a benign skin condition resulting in small, discolored bumps around hair follicles. These bumps can appear white, red, or brown, and give the skin a “sandpaper-like” texture, sometimes referred to as “chicken skin” or “goosebumps.” The condition arises from an excess buildup of keratin, a protective protein found in skin, hair, and nails. Instead of exfoliating, this keratin clogs hair follicles, leading to the formation of bumps.
While typically harmless, KP can cause symptoms like dryness and itchiness. The condition often has a genetic component and can worsen in drier conditions. It is not contagious and frequently appears in childhood, becoming more noticeable during teenage years and adulthood, sometimes fading by age 30.
Red Light Therapy Explained
Red light therapy is a non-invasive treatment that uses low levels of red and near-infrared light to promote cellular function. Also known as photobiomodulation, this therapy works by specific light wavelengths penetrating the skin and being absorbed by the mitochondria, often called the “power plants” of cells.
When mitochondria absorb this light, their energy production increases, which allows cells to function more efficiently and repair themselves. This cellular stimulation can lead to various biological processes, including improved blood circulation, reduced inflammation, and enhanced production of collagen, a protein crucial for skin structure and elasticity. Unlike ultraviolet (UV) light, RLT does not damage the skin and uses very low heat levels.
Red Light Therapy for Keratosis Pilaris
Red light therapy’s ability to reduce inflammation can help alleviate the redness and irritation often associated with KP. By stimulating cellular regeneration, RLT may support healthier skin turnover, which is important for preventing the keratin buildup that clogs hair follicles in KP.
The light wavelengths, particularly between 630–670 nm and near-infrared light at 810–850 nm, kickstart processes like collagen synthesis and microcirculation. Increased collagen production and improved skin texture from RLT could lead to a smoother skin surface, potentially diminishing the rough feel of KP bumps. Studies suggest light and laser treatments can reduce roughness and erythema associated with KP, particularly when combined with exfoliants. While direct extensive research on RLT specifically for KP is limited, clinical observations and studies on similar light therapies indicate potential benefits for improving skin smoothness and reducing redness by addressing follicular plugs and inflammation.
Practical Application and Considerations
Red light therapy devices are available for both professional treatments and at-home use. At-home devices are generally less powerful than those used in clinics, which may affect the speed and extent of results. For skin concerns, devices are typically positioned 12-36 inches away for surface-level issues, or 6-12 inches for deeper tissue concerns.
Typical usage guidelines suggest 3-5 sessions per week, with each session lasting 10-20 minutes. Consistency is important for optimal results. Visible improvements in skin tone or reduced inflammation may start within 1-2 weeks, with more significant results appearing after 4-12 weeks of consistent use. Eye protection is advisable when using these devices.
RLT is generally considered safe with minimal side effects, but it is important to follow manufacturer instructions. Individuals with sensitive skin or those taking photosensitizing medications should exercise caution. Consulting with a dermatologist or healthcare professional before beginning any new treatment, including red light therapy, is always recommended.