Gum recession is a common dental issue where the gum tissue surrounding the teeth wears away or pulls back, exposing more of the tooth surface or its root. This gradual process can lead to various oral health concerns if not addressed.
Does Receding Gums Cause Pain?
Receding gums often do not cause pain in their initial stages. However, as the gum line pulls back, it exposes the tooth roots, which lack the protective enamel of the tooth crown. This exposure can lead to increased tooth sensitivity.
The exposed root surfaces contain microscopic tubules that lead directly to the tooth’s nerve. When these tubules are exposed to hot, cold, sweet, or air, sensations can travel quickly to the nerve, causing discomfort or sharp pain. Pain can also arise from irritation or bacterial infections in advanced stages. This sensitivity can make routine activities like eating or brushing challenging.
Understanding Gum Recession
This can make teeth appear longer than usual, and a visible notch might be felt near the gum line. Other signs can include gums that appear red, swollen, or discolored, as well as bleeding during brushing or flossing, or persistent bad breath.
Several factors contribute to gum recession. Aggressive brushing with excessive force or an incorrect technique can physically wear away gum tissue over time. Periodontal disease, a bacterial infection, is another frequent cause, as plaque and tartar buildup irritates gums, destroying supporting tissues and bone. Genetic predisposition can also play a role, making some individuals more susceptible due to thinner gum tissue. Additionally, tobacco use increases plaque accumulation and the risk of gum disease, while misaligned teeth can place undue stress on gum tissue.
When to Seek Professional Advice
Seeking professional dental advice for gum recession is important, even if no immediate pain is present. Since gum recession often progresses gradually, early detection can prevent more significant complications. A dental professional can accurately diagnose the cause and severity, often using a periodontal probe to measure gum pockets, with healthy pockets typically measuring between 1 and 3 millimeters.
Untreated gum recession can lead to several long-term consequences. Exposed tooth roots are more susceptible to decay and cavities. The receding gums can also create pockets that trap bacteria, leading to further gum infections and bone loss. In severe cases, the weakened support structures can cause teeth to become mobile and potentially result in tooth loss.
Addressing Gum Recession
Once gum tissue has receded, it generally does not grow back. However, various treatments can help manage the condition and prevent further progression. Non-surgical approaches often begin with deep cleaning procedures, known as scaling and root planing, which remove plaque and tartar from below the gum line and smooth the root surfaces to encourage gum reattachment. Antibiotics might also be prescribed to control bacterial infections.
For more advanced cases, surgical interventions may be recommended. Gum grafting involves taking tissue to cover the exposed root surfaces. This procedure aims to reduce sensitivity, protect the roots from decay, and improve the appearance of the gum line. Additionally, addressing underlying causes like correcting aggressive brushing techniques or using orthodontic treatment for misaligned teeth can prevent future recession.
Preventative measures are essential for maintaining gum health. Consistent oral hygiene practices, including brushing twice daily with a soft-bristled toothbrush using a gentle technique and daily flossing, are crucial. Regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings, typically twice a year, are also important for removing hardened plaque and detecting issues early. Avoiding tobacco products and addressing habits like teeth grinding can also reduce the risk of gum recession.