Photorefractive Keratectomy, commonly known as PRK, is a laser eye surgery that corrects vision problems like nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. It reshapes the cornea to improve how light focuses on the retina, potentially reducing or eliminating the need for glasses or contact lenses. Many individuals considering PRK wonder about the pain during and after the procedure. This article clarifies the typical pain experience during and after PRK.
Sensations During PRK Surgery
During PRK surgery, topical anesthetic drops numb the eye’s surface, preventing sharp pain. While numb, patients may still feel pressure, a cool sensation, or a mild awareness of something touching the eye.
The surgical process is quick, often taking only a few minutes per eye. Though direct pain is absent, the experience can be unusual or cause some discomfort. Patients remain awake, and while sensations might feel strange, they are usually brief and tolerable.
Managing Post-Surgery Discomfort
Discomfort after PRK surgery is generally more noticeable than during the procedure itself. Patients often describe this post-operative sensation as soreness, irritation, or a feeling akin to having a foreign object or sand in the eye. Some individuals might also experience stinging or burning, with a minority reporting moderate pain. This discomfort is typically most pronounced during the first 24 to 72 hours following the surgery.
To manage post-surgery discomfort, several strategies are employed. Oral pain relievers, including over-the-counter options like ibuprofen or acetaminophen, are commonly recommended. For more significant pain, a surgeon may prescribe stronger medication, such as mild opioids. Topical anesthetic drops might also be provided for cautious and brief use, though excessive application can hinder healing.
A therapeutic contact lens, often called a bandage contact lens, is placed on the eye immediately after PRK. This lens reduces pain, protects the healing corneal surface, and promotes epithelial regeneration. Artificial tears and lubricating eye drops alleviate dry eye and irritation.
Applying ice packs can reduce swelling and discomfort. Rest and avoiding strenuous activities support healing. Light sensitivity is common, making sunglasses helpful even indoors.
PRK vs. LASIK: Pain Differences
The primary difference between PRK and LASIK lies in how the cornea is accessed. In PRK, the outermost corneal layer, the epithelium, is gently removed before laser reshaping. This layer then regenerates over several days. In contrast, LASIK involves creating a thin corneal flap, which is lifted for laser reshaping and then repositioned.
Because PRK requires epithelial regrowth, post-operative discomfort and the initial healing period are generally more significant and longer than with LASIK. LASIK patients typically experience minimal post-operative pain and much faster visual recovery, often within hours to a few days. With PRK, patients can expect more noticeable discomfort for the first two to four days as the eye heals. The difference in healing processes contributes to the varying discomfort levels between the two procedures.