Hemorrhoids involve the swelling of vascular structures and veins in the rectum or anus. Because internal and external hemorrhoids require different treatments, standard topical creams intended for external relief are often incorrectly applied to issues inside the anal canal, which is ineffective. This article examines the specific Preparation H formulations designed for safe and effective use on internal hemorrhoids, detailing their mechanism of action and alternative self-care options.
Understanding Internal Hemorrhoids
Internal hemorrhoids originate above the dentate line, the anatomical boundary separating the upper and lower anal canal. Since this area contains fewer sensory nerves, internal hemorrhoids frequently cause painless bleeding, often noticed as bright red blood during a bowel movement. In contrast, external hemorrhoids form below this line and are surrounded by sensitive nerves. This difference is why external hemorrhoids cause significant pain, burning, and intense itching. Internal hemorrhoids are graded based on their degree of prolapse, or protrusion, outside the anal canal.
Which Preparation H Products Are Designed for Internal Use
The efficacy of Preparation H for internal issues depends entirely on selecting the correct product format and delivery method. Most external creams are not packaged for deep rectal insertion and should not be used internally without an appropriate applicator. Specialized products, such as Preparation H suppositories, are designed to melt at body temperature and release medication directly to the inflamed tissue inside the rectum. This delivery method ensures the active ingredients treat the internal veins causing the swelling and discomfort.
The original Preparation H Hemorrhoidal Ointment, often used externally, also comes with a plastic applicator tip. This tip allows for the safe and directed application of the product to internal tissue. The applicator ensures the ointment reaches the veins above the dentate line, where the internal swelling originates. Using an appropriate product format is necessary to deliver the active ingredients to the precise location of the swelling.
How the Active Ingredients Provide Relief
Internal Preparation H products utilize a combination of active ingredients to provide temporary relief to swollen tissue. Suppository and ointment formulations contain protectants like mineral oil, petrolatum, or cocoa butter. These substances form a physical barrier, or occlusive film, over the irritated mucosal lining of the rectum. This coating shields the sensitive tissue from the abrasive passage of stool, reducing friction and irritation during a bowel movement.
Many internal formulations also contain phenylephrine HCl, which functions as a vasoconstrictor. This compound causes the small blood vessels in the affected area to narrow. The temporary tightening of these vessels helps reduce localized blood flow, decreasing the size and swelling of the hemorrhoidal tissue. By reducing inflammation and protecting the irritated surface, these ingredients help alleviate discomfort and burning associated with internal hemorrhoids.
Other Over-the-Counter Treatment Options
While medicated products offer symptomatic relief, managing internal hemorrhoids involves lifestyle and dietary modifications. Increasing dietary fiber intake through fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is a primary recommendation. Fiber adds bulk and softness to the stool, helping to prevent the straining that causes hemorrhoids to swell. Stool softeners can also be used to draw water into the stool, making it easier to pass without excessive force.
Adequate hydration is also important, as increasing water intake works synergistically with fiber to ensure soft stool consistency. Soaking the anal area in warm water for 10 to 15 minutes, known as a sitz bath, can help relax the anal sphincter muscles and improve blood flow. These non-medicated treatments address the root causes of the condition by promoting regularity and reducing pressure.