Black bears are present in Ohio, marking a significant return for a species once absent from the state. Their re-establishment is a natural process, as these animals expand their range from neighboring states, contributing to Ohio’s biodiversity. While their numbers remain relatively low, their increasing presence signifies a growing population.
Where Black Bears Are Found in Ohio
Black bears in Ohio are predominantly found in the eastern and southeastern regions, particularly within the Appalachian foothills. These areas, with heavily forested landscapes and remote woodlands, provide necessary food and cover for bears. Counties such as Ashtabula, Geauga, Lake, Trumbull, and Mahoning in northeast Ohio, along with Washington, Athens, Hocking, and Vinton in the southeast, are common sighting locations. Extensive habitats, like Wayne National Forest, offer ideal conditions, providing abundant sources of berries, nuts, and insects. While most sightings occur in these core regions, young male bears, which can travel considerable distances, are sometimes observed in central Ohio as they search for new territories or mates.
Ohio’s Black Bear Population Story
Historically, black bears were widespread throughout Ohio, but by the mid-1800s, they were considered extirpated from the state. This decline was primarily due to extensive deforestation for agriculture and industry, coupled with unregulated hunting and trapping that aimed to protect livestock and crops. However, occasional reports of their presence began to surface as early as the 1930s, becoming more frequent in the late 20th century. This natural recolonization has largely stemmed from healthy black bear populations in neighboring Pennsylvania and West Virginia expanding westward into Ohio.
The Ohio Division of Wildlife began tracking black bear observations in 1993; sightings have since steadily increased, indicating a recovering population. Although still considered a state-endangered species, evidence of resident female bears with cubs has been confirmed in recent years, particularly in northeast Ohio. The presence of reproducing females indicates a more established and growing population. Ongoing research, including GPS collaring, helps biologists monitor movements and reproductive success, providing valuable data on the species’ expansion.
Coexisting with Black Bears
Black bears are generally shy and non-aggressive, preferring to avoid human interaction. Most conflicts arise when bears are attracted to readily available food sources in human-populated areas. To minimize encounters, secure all potential food attractants around homes. This includes removing bird feeders, outdoor pet food, and storing trash in secure, bear-resistant containers or inside a garage. Cleaning grease traps on outdoor grills after each use and picking ripe fruits from trees and bushes can also help deter bears.
If a black bear is sighted, remain calm. Do not approach the bear or run, as this can trigger a chase response. Instead, slowly back away to create space, while speaking in a firm, calm voice. Making oneself appear larger by raising arms and waving them can encourage the bear to leave. Provide the bear with an escape route and never corner it.
In the rare event a bear becomes aggressive or charges, fighting back is advised. Report bear sightings to the Ohio Division of Wildlife to help monitor and manage the state’s black bear population.