Mesalamine is a medication primarily used to manage inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), specifically ulcerative colitis. It functions as an anti-inflammatory agent, working to reduce swelling and sores in the lining of the colon and rectum. This medication is also prescribed to help maintain remission of ulcerative colitis symptoms once they are controlled.
Mesalamine and Fatigue
While mesalamine can cause fatigue, it is often a less common side effect. However, fatigue is a very frequent concern for those with inflammatory bowel disease, even in remission. Up to 80% of IBD patients with active disease and 50% of those in remission report fatigue. The overwhelming tiredness associated with IBD is not typically relieved by rest or sleep.
The body’s inflammatory response to the underlying condition is often a primary driver of fatigue. Chemical signals produced during inflammation can directly influence the brain, leading to tiredness. Other IBD-related factors, such as anemia due to iron deficiency or other nutritional deficiencies (e.g., vitamin B12 or vitamin D), can also contribute significantly. Pain, disturbed sleep patterns, and psychological distress from chronic IBD also play a role in this complex symptom.
Common Mesalamine Side Effects
Beyond fatigue, individuals taking mesalamine may experience other common side effects. Gastrointestinal discomforts are frequently reported, including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Headaches are common, sometimes accompanied by dizziness. Flu-like symptoms such as a runny nose or sore throat may also occur.
Other side effects include back pain, muscle or joint pain, and skin rashes. While generally mild, some individuals may experience more significant issues, such as kidney problems or liver injury, though these are less common. Severe reactions, like mesalamine-induced acute intolerance syndrome, can present with symptoms similar to an ulcerative colitis flare, including stomach pain, bloody diarrhea, fever, and headache.
Managing Fatigue When on Mesalamine
Managing fatigue involves a multifaceted approach. Prioritizing sleep hygiene is beneficial, aiming for 7 to 9 hours nightly and maintaining a consistent schedule. Avoid caffeine and electronic devices before bed to improve sleep quality. Regular physical activity, even light exercise, can boost energy over time.
Maintain a balanced diet with adequate carbohydrates, proteins, and healthy fats for sustained energy. Stay well-hydrated, as dehydration contributes to tiredness. Stress management techniques, like meditation or deep breathing, can reduce energy drain. Effectively addressing underlying IBD also significantly reduces overall fatigue.
When to Consult Your Doctor
Consult a healthcare provider if fatigue becomes severe, persistent, or significantly impacts daily life. This is especially important if accompanied by new or worsening symptoms like fever, unexplained weight loss, severe pain, or signs of organ issues (e.g., yellowing skin, dark urine). These could indicate a more serious side effect or worsening of the underlying condition.
Do not stop or adjust mesalamine dosage without consulting a medical professional. Abruptly discontinuing medication can worsen inflammatory bowel disease. Only a healthcare provider can accurately assess fatigue’s cause, rule out other conditions, and adjust the treatment plan.