Maine is home to a significant moose population, making it a prime destination for wildlife enthusiasts interested in observing these animals. The state’s vast wilderness and specific environmental conditions create a suitable environment for moose to thrive.
Maine’s Moose Population and Distribution
Maine supports the largest moose population in the contiguous United States, with estimates ranging from 40,000 to 70,000 animals. The population recovered significantly from an estimated 2,000 individuals in the early 1900s, largely due to conservation efforts and habitat improvements.
The highest concentrations of moose are found in the expansive Western and Northern Maine woods, including areas like Aroostook County, the Western Lakes and Mountains, and the Maine Highlands. These regions provide an optimal environment due to vast, largely undeveloped forests and low human population density.
Moose thrive in these northern and western parts of Maine due to cooler climates and abundant food sources. The cooler climate is beneficial for moose, which are well-adapted to cold environments. Commercial harvesting of trees in these forestlands creates a continuous supply of young trees and shrubs. This regenerating forest provides ample browse, a primary food source.
Moose Habitat and Viewing
Moose prefer habitats that offer both abundant food and shelter, often favoring young forests, bogs, and areas near water sources. They frequently visit wetlands, rivers, ponds, and lakes, particularly during the summer months, to feed on aquatic plants. These water plants are a valuable source of sodium, a mineral that is less common in woody vegetation. Moose may also be seen licking salt runoff along roads, as natural salt licks are scarce in Maine.
For those hoping to observe moose, timing is an important consideration. Moose are crepuscular, meaning they are most active during dawn and dusk. These cooler times of day are when moose are more likely to be out feeding, especially during warmer months. The best seasons for viewing are typically from mid-May through July, and again in the fall during their breeding season, known as the rut.
Ethical and safe viewing practices are important when encountering moose. Always maintain a safe distance, as these large animals can be unpredictable, particularly cows with calves or bulls during the fall rut. Avoid sudden movements or loud noises to prevent startling them. Never attempt to approach or feed moose, and give them ample space to move, especially if they are on or near roadways.