The plant commonly known as Lucky Bamboo (Dracaena sanderiana) is a popular houseplant often associated with the Chinese practice of Feng Shui. This plant is not a true bamboo species, but a member of the Asparagaceae family, related to other dracaenas. Due to its unique biological adaptability, the plant does not strictly require soil to grow and thrive. In fact, it is frequently sold and cultivated hydroponically, meaning its roots are submerged directly in water. The plant is highly flexible and can flourish in both a soilless aquatic environment and a traditional potting mix.
Understanding the Growing Medium Choices
The choice between growing Lucky Bamboo in water or soil depends largely on the cultivator’s preference for maintenance and desired growth rate. The water-based method, or hydroponics, is the most common way the plant is displayed and purchased, offering a clean, decorative look. For this setup, a clean glass container is typically used, with pebbles or decorative stones added to anchor and stabilize the upright stalks. The roots simply rest within the water, absorbing moisture and nutrients directly.
Conversely, planting Dracaena sanderiana in soil allows it to grow more vigorously and often leads to a longer lifespan than water cultivation. When choosing this option, a well-draining potting mix is necessary, such as a blend intended for cacti or succulents. The container must include drainage holes to prevent the soil from becoming waterlogged, which is the primary cause of root rot. Soil cultivation provides a more natural environment for root expansion and nutrient uptake, promoting greater overall size.
Caring for Lucky Bamboo in Water
Maintaining a healthy hydroponic environment for Lucky Bamboo requires specific attention to water quality and container cleanliness. The use of ordinary tap water is generally discouraged because the plant’s roots are sensitive to chemicals like chlorine and fluoride. These substances can accumulate in the plant’s tissues, often resulting in brown tips or yellowing of the leaves. Using distilled, filtered, or purified water is the best practice to avoid this chemical stress.
The water level should be maintained high enough to keep the roots fully submerged, but it is beneficial to keep some of the stalk exposed to the air. To prevent the water from becoming stagnant and to inhibit the growth of bacteria and algae, the water should be completely changed every one to two weeks. During this process, the container and the anchoring pebbles should be gently cleaned to remove any slippery film or algae buildup. If the roots become mushy or dark, they should be trimmed with clean scissors to prevent the spread of decay.
Essential Needs for Longevity
Regardless of whether the plant is grown in water or soil, certain environmental factors remain constant for its long-term health. Lucky Bamboo thrives best in an indoor environment where it receives bright, indirect light. Direct sunlight must be avoided, as the intense rays can quickly scorch the leaves, leaving behind brown, burned edges. A location near a window that faces north or east, or a spot shielded by a sheer curtain, provides the ideal illumination.
The plant prefers warm conditions, with an ideal temperature range typically falling between 65 and 95 degrees Fahrenheit (18–35 degrees Celsius). It is important to keep the plant away from cold drafts or direct airflow from heating and cooling vents, which can cause sudden temperature fluctuations. Lucky Bamboo does not require heavy fertilization, especially when grown in water. For hydroponic plants, adding just a drop or two of a highly diluted liquid houseplant fertilizer once a month during the growing season is sufficient to provide necessary micronutrients.