Lithium orotate is a dietary supplement consisting of lithium bound to orotic acid. It is marketed as a low-dose source of lithium, differing from prescription medications. Available over-the-counter, it is sometimes called “nutritional lithium” as lithium is a naturally occurring mineral. This article explores whether lithium orotate can cause weight gain.
Lithium Orotate and Potential Weight Gain
The scientific understanding of lithium orotate and weight gain is less extensive than for prescription lithium. Proponents of lithium orotate suggest that the supplement is less likely to cause weight gain, and some even report it could support existing weight loss efforts. However, due to limited research, the exact effect of lithium orotate on body weight remains unclear.
Weight gain linked to lithium can be attributed to several mechanisms. Lithium increases sodium and water retention, which can lead to bloating or edema, contributing to water weight. Lithium can also increase thirst, known as polydipsia, which might lead to consuming more fluids. If these fluids are calorie-dense, such as sugary drinks, they can contribute to caloric intake and subsequent weight gain.
Lithium may influence hormone levels that regulate metabolism, such as insulin and leptin. Fluctuations in these hormones could slow the resting metabolic rate, increase fat storage, or stimulate appetite, leading to higher caloric intake. Fatigue is a reported side effect of lithium, which could lead to reduced physical activity and a more sedentary lifestyle, indirectly contributing to weight gain. Individual responses to lithium orotate can vary significantly.
How Lithium Orotate Compares to Other Forms
Lithium orotate differs from prescription lithium medications, like lithium carbonate, primarily in dosage and application. Prescription lithium carbonate is a well-established medication used for conditions like bipolar disorder, often prescribed at much higher daily doses, ranging from hundreds to over a thousand milligrams. In contrast, lithium orotate supplements typically contain elemental lithium in much smaller quantities, often between 5 mg and 20 mg per day.
Prescription lithium commonly causes weight gain; studies report one in four users experience this side effect. Average weight gain typically ranges from 10 to 26 pounds, or about 8% of body weight. This is attributed to mechanisms like increased appetite, sodium and water retention, and potential changes in metabolism, including reduced thyroid function.
Because lithium orotate is used at substantially lower doses, it may not exert the same pronounced effects on body weight as higher-dose prescription forms. While some sources suggest lithium orotate might have fewer side effects, including less propensity for weight gain, more direct comparative studies are needed. The differing dosages and limited research make its effects on weight distinct from well-documented prescription lithium.
Strategies for Managing Weight
For individuals concerned about weight changes while taking lithium orotate, lifestyle modifications can be helpful. Adopting a balanced nutritional plan that emphasizes whole foods, lean proteins, complex carbohydrates, and healthy fats can support overall health and weight management. Monitoring caloric intake and avoiding calorie-dense beverages, especially when experiencing increased thirst, can help prevent excess weight gain.
Regular physical activity, including cardiovascular exercise and strength training, helps maintain muscle mass and enhance metabolic health. Aiming for at least 150-300 minutes of weekly cardiovascular exercise can contribute to calorie expenditure. Staying well-hydrated with water is also beneficial, as lithium can increase thirst.
Consult a healthcare professional or registered dietitian for personalized advice on diet and exercise. They can help develop a tailored plan and assess potential interactions. Do not stop taking lithium orotate or adjust dosage without discussing it with your healthcare provider, as maintaining mental health stability is a priority.