Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It is prescribed to manage high blood pressure in adults and children aged 6 years and older. Lisinopril is also used for treating congestive heart failure in adults and to improve survival following a heart attack. This medication works by influencing bodily chemicals to relax blood vessels, allowing blood to flow more smoothly and helping the heart pump blood more efficiently.
Understanding Lisinopril and Headaches
Headaches are a known side effect of lisinopril, though uncommon. User reports indicate headaches in approximately 10.2% of individuals. When they occur, headaches are often mild and may be more noticeable when first starting lisinopril or following a dose adjustment.
These headaches frequently improve over time as the body adjusts. Other common side effects of lisinopril include dizziness, a dry cough, and fatigue. These symptoms can also be associated with high blood pressure itself, making it difficult to distinguish if they are medication-related or due to the underlying condition.
How Lisinopril Can Lead to Headaches
Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, primarily works by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a substance that narrows blood vessels, increasing blood pressure. By inhibiting its formation, lisinopril promotes vasodilation, the widening of blood vessels, thereby lowering blood pressure.
The medication also affects bradykinin. ACE breaks down bradykinin, so when ACE is inhibited by lisinopril, bradykinin levels can increase. Bradykinin is a vasodilator that influences pain pathways, which might contribute to headache development. This dual mechanism, involving both the reduction of angiotensin II and the increase in bradykinin, contributes to the blood pressure-lowering effect and can potentially lead to headaches.
Coping with Lisinopril-Related Headaches
If you experience headaches while taking lisinopril, communicate with your doctor. Headaches often improve as your body adjusts to the medication, but if they persist, worsen, or are severe, seek medical advice. Do not stop taking lisinopril without first consulting your healthcare provider, as abruptly discontinuing medication for high blood pressure or heart conditions can be unsafe.
Your doctor may consider adjusting the dosage of lisinopril or exploring alternative medications if headaches become bothersome. Headaches can also stem from other causes unrelated to the medication, so your doctor can help determine the underlying reason. General measures like adequate hydration and sufficient rest can help manage mild headaches. Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen are generally safe to use with lisinopril for temporary relief, but discuss this with your pharmacist or doctor.