Flagstaff, Arizona, situated at an elevation of nearly 7,000 feet, exists in a unique climatic pocket within the southwestern United States. This high-altitude location places the city directly within the path of winter storm systems, ensuring it receives substantial precipitation. Unlike the desert landscape often associated with Arizona, Flagstaff sits within the world’s largest contiguous Ponderosa Pine forest, creating conditions favorable for heavy snowfall. The city experiences a distinct and prolonged winter season, making it one of the snowiest cities in the country.
Annual Snowfall and Accumulation
The city’s average annual snowfall ranges from approximately 90 to over 108 inches, a total that rivals many cities in the Rocky Mountains and the Northeast. This high volume of winter precipitation is a defining feature of the region. The accumulation remains on the ground for well over half of the winter season, providing a sustained snowpack. On average, the city experiences at least an inch of snow cover for much of the winter, with depths reaching ten inches or more about seven days in January alone.
This accumulation can fluctuate dramatically between years, highlighting the variability of the northern Arizona climate. Historically, the driest seasons have recorded as little as 25 inches of snow, while a record year saw nearly 200 inches fall. The snowpack is important because it feeds into the Colorado River watershed, replenishing water resources for the entire region. Major snowstorms capable of dropping five inches or more in a single day occur roughly six times each year.
The Flagstaff Snow Season Timeline
The snow season in Flagstaff is lengthy, typically beginning with the first measurable snowfalls in late October or early November. While the last flakes can sometimes fall as late as May, the season generally concludes in April. The snowiest period is concentrated between December and March, with significant monthly averages recorded.
December through February sees the most frequent and intense snowfall, with January historically leading the monthly totals at over 20 inches on average. March remains a powerful winter month, often receiving more than 15 inches of snow as the season transitions. The timing and intensity of these storms are highly dependent on large-scale weather patterns, particularly the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
During an El Niño year, which involves warmer Pacific Ocean temperatures, Flagstaff tends to receive significantly higher snowfall, historically averaging over 107 inches. In contrast, La Niña years, characterized by cooler Pacific waters, often result in a drier pattern for the Southwest and lower overall snowfall, sometimes averaging below 60 inches. The influence of these patterns means that no two winters are exactly alike. Even in drier La Niña years, the area can still experience bursts of significant late-season snow in February and March.
Navigating Travel and Winter Recreation
The substantial winter precipitation requires specific preparations for travel and enables a range of outdoor activities. For drivers, it is necessary to check current road conditions via the 511 system before traveling, as sudden closures or restrictions can occur on major highways. Vehicles should be equipped with good all-weather tires; chains or four-wheel drive are often required or highly recommended during active storms.
Local authorities are diligent with municipal snow removal, but slick conditions and black ice remain a persistent hazard, especially on bridges and shaded roadways. Motorists should always maintain a safe following distance and avoid sudden braking to prevent skidding on icy surfaces. The heavy snowfall supports a robust winter recreation scene, with the nearby Arizona Snowbowl offering skiing and snowboarding opportunities. Additionally, areas like the Arizona Nordic Village provide extensive trails for cross-country skiing and snowshoeing.