The popularity of hemp-derived products has surged, with many consumers seeking alternatives for everyday wellness. Hemp balm has emerged as a widely used topical preparation for targeted relief, often applied to address localized discomfort and skin issues. Modern science is now investigating the efficacy of using hemp extracts in this traditional format. This inquiry aims to provide clarity on the composition of hemp balm and how it interacts with the body to offer topical relief.
Defining Hemp Balm and Key Ingredients
Hemp balm is a topical product composed of hemp extract infused into a thick, oil-based carrier. This formulation is distinct from hemp seed oil, which contains minimal cannabinoids, and from products derived from marijuana, which typically contain higher levels of the psychoactive compound THC. The “hemp” designation indicates the source is Cannabis sativa containing 0.3% THC or less.
The active component in most therapeutic hemp balms is a cannabinoid extract, most commonly cannabidiol (CBD). This extract is combined with solidifying agents like beeswax or carnauba wax, along with carrier oils such as coconut, shea butter, or almond oil. Since cannabinoids are lipophilic, they bond well with fats and oils, making oil-based carriers ideal. Many balms also include other natural ingredients like menthol, camphor, or essential oils, which are known for their localized soothing or cooling effects.
How Topical Application Interacts with the Body
When hemp balm is applied to the skin, it interacts with a complex regulatory network known as the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The skin contains a significant number of cannabinoid receptors, specifically CB1 and CB2 receptors. Unlike ingested or inhaled cannabinoids, topical application allows the active compounds to penetrate the skin’s layers and interact with these localized receptors in the dermis and epidermis.
This method provides targeted relief without the compounds needing to enter the bloodstream in significant amounts. CB2 receptors are found predominantly in immune cells and peripheral tissues, where they modulate pain sensation and inflammatory responses. By interacting with these receptors, the balm’s cannabinoids can help reduce localized discomfort and inflammation where it is applied.
Scientific Evidence for Specific Uses
Current research suggests that topical hemp balm holds promise, particularly for localized discomfort and inflammation. Studies, including animal models, have shown that prophylactic topical treatment with cannabinoids can reduce inflammatory pain and hinder its progression.
Clinical trials and reviews indicate that topical CBD may help manage pain and improve function for individuals with conditions like arthritis. The anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoids are also being explored for their potential benefits in certain skin conditions. Patients with skin disorders like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis have reported significant improvements after applying cannabinoid-infused ointments, which helps to moisturize and soothe itchy, dry skin. More large-scale human clinical trials are necessary to fully confirm the long-term efficacy.
Practical Considerations and Safety
For consumers, choosing a high-quality hemp balm often means looking for products that have undergone third-party testing. These independent laboratory reports verify the product’s potency, ensuring the stated concentration of cannabinoids is accurate, and confirm that it is free from contaminants. Proper application involves massaging the product thoroughly into the affected area until it is fully absorbed by the skin. Consistent application is often recommended, as regular use may yield better results.
Hemp balm is generally considered safe for most people. Some users may experience mild skin irritation, redness, or an allergic reaction, which is often due to a sensitivity to the carrier oils or other botanical ingredients. A simple patch test on a small area of skin before widespread use can help identify potential sensitivities. If discomfort persists, or if a user is pregnant, nursing, or taking medications, consultation with a healthcare provider is appropriate.