While black bears are present across much of North America, Delaware does not host a resident breeding population. However, individual black bears are occasionally sighted within its borders, typically as transient visitors.
The Presence of Bears in Delaware
Delaware does not have an established, breeding population of black bears, and the state officially considers them extirpated. Occasional sightings do occur, particularly in northern New Castle County, near state borders. These animals are usually individuals that have wandered from neighboring states like Pennsylvania, Maryland, and New Jersey, which have growing black bear populations. Such visits are rare; for instance, only four black bears have ventured into Delaware in the past eight years. These transient bears typically do not stay long and often return to their home states.
Understanding Bear Movements and Behavior
The occasional appearance of black bears in Delaware is attributed to natural dispersal, particularly among young males. These subadult males often leave their birth areas in search of new territories, food sources, or mates. Dispersing male black bears can travel significant distances. While Delaware offers some food resources, its highly developed and fragmented landscape, with fewer extensive forested areas compared to surrounding states, makes it less suitable for long-term bear habitation.
Living with Bears: Safety and Prevention
During an Encounter
Encountering a black bear can be surprising, but remaining calm is important. If a bear is aware of your presence, identify yourself by speaking calmly and waving your arms slowly to help the bear recognize you as a human. Avoid running, as this can trigger a chase response; instead, back away slowly to give the bear space. Should a black bear approach or act aggressively, make yourself appear as large as possible, make loud noises, and if attacked, fight back.
Preventing Encounters
To prevent attracting bears to residential areas, securing potential food sources is effective. All garbage should be stored in bear-resistant containers or kept indoors until collection day. Clean outdoor grills thoroughly after each use and remove pet food from outside areas. Bird feeders, especially during spring and summer, should be removed or made inaccessible.
Compost piles, particularly those containing meat or sweet scraps, can attract bears and should be secured in enclosed, bear-resistant bins or with electric fencing. If a bear is sighted, report it to the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) Fish & Wildlife Natural Resources Police. This allows authorities to monitor bear movements and provide guidance to residents.