Hair loss has become a common concern for many, especially following periods of significant bodily stress or illness. The experience of noticeable hair shedding can be unsettling, prompting individuals to seek understanding about its causes and potential duration. This article explores the link between COVID-19 and hair loss, delving into the biological reasons behind it and offering guidance on managing this temporary condition.
The Connection to COVID-19
Many individuals have observed increased hair shedding after recovering from COVID-19, confirming a recognized link between the viral infection and temporary hair loss. Studies indicate that a significant percentage of people who had COVID-19 later experienced hair shedding, with reports ranging from about 20% to 73% in some studies. This symptom typically begins a few months after recovering from the acute phase of the illness.
Hair loss after COVID-19 can manifest as hair falling out in large clumps, often noticed during brushing or showering. It is a widespread phenomenon, and research from various parts of the world supports that some individuals develop hair loss post-COVID-19. This can occur even if the COVID-19 infection itself was mild, showing that severe illness is not always a prerequisite for this particular side effect.
Why Hair Loss Occurs
The primary reason for hair loss after COVID-19 is telogen effluvium. This temporary hair shedding occurs when a significant physical or emotional stressor, such as a severe illness like COVID-19, disrupts the normal hair growth cycle. Normally, hair follicles cycle through stages: a growth phase (anagen), a brief transition phase (catagen), and a resting phase (telogen), followed by a shedding phase (exogen).
Telogen effluvium happens when a larger-than-normal number of hairs prematurely shift from the active growth phase into the resting phase. Approximately two to three months after the triggering event, these resting hairs are shed all at once. The physical stress of the infection, including fever, inflammation, and the body’s immune response, can signal hair follicles to enter this resting state earlier than usual.
Other contributing factors can include the general stress of being ill and potential nutritional deficiencies that might arise during recovery. While the body focuses resources on fighting the infection, non-essential functions like hair growth can be temporarily deprioritized. This type of hair loss is non-scarring, meaning the hair follicles remain intact and capable of regrowing hair once the underlying trigger is resolved.
Managing Hair Loss After COVID-19
For most individuals, hair loss after COVID-19 is temporary and typically resolves without specific medical treatment. Hair regrowth usually begins within three to six months after shedding starts. While it can take several months for hair to recover, and even longer for it to return to its original fullness, most people see complete regrowth within six to eight months.
During this period, self-care practices can support hair health. Maintaining a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients like protein, iron, zinc, and vitamins benefits hair growth. Managing stress through techniques like mindfulness or physical activity can also help, as stress can worsen shedding. Gentle hair care, such as avoiding harsh treatments or tight hairstyles, prevents further damage.
This type of hair loss is a normal bodily reaction to significant stress or illness. However, if hair shedding persists beyond six to nine months, if there are additional symptoms like scalp irritation, or if there is significant concern, consulting a doctor or dermatologist is advisable to rule out other conditions.