Celosia, commonly known as cockscomb, wool flower, or plume flower, is a genus of visually dramatic annuals valued for its vibrant, long-lasting color. Belonging to the amaranth family, it is a popular ornamental choice, offering unique flower shapes ranging from velvety, brain-like crests to airy, flame-shaped plumes. Gardeners often wonder if this plant attracts pollinators like bees. The answer is nuanced, depending heavily on the specific variety and the bee species involved.
Why Celosia is Not a Primary Bee Magnet
The primary reason Celosia is generally not considered a high-reward plant for bees lies in its intricate flower structure. The most recognized varieties, the crested (Celosia argentea var. cristata) and the feathery plume types (C. argentea var. plumosa), present a physical barrier to many common bee species. The densely packed, often convoluted floral masses make it difficult for bees, particularly the shorter-tongued honey bee, to access the hidden nectar at the base of the tiny florets.
For a bee, the effort required to navigate these dense heads often outweighs the caloric reward. The flower forms of the cockscomb varieties are the result of a mutation called fasciation, which creates an abnormal, compressed growth that further obscures the pollen and nectar. Furthermore, many popular Celosia cultivars are bred for their intense red and orange colors, which are less visible to bees. Bees’ vision favors the ultraviolet, blue, and yellow spectrums, meaning they frequently overlook these varieties for more open, accessible blooms.
Which Pollinators Celosia Does Favor
While the convoluted crest and plume types are challenging for bees, the genus is not entirely devoid of pollinator value, especially with different flower forms. The spiked or wheat varieties (C. argentea var. spicata) feature a more elongated, bottlebrush-like flower head with individual, small florets that are more exposed. These less-modified flowers allow easier access for smaller bees and other insects that can walk along the spike to forage.
Celosia tends to be more attractive to non-bee pollinators whose physical adaptations are better suited to the flower’s structure. Butterflies and moths, for instance, possess long, slender proboscises that can probe deep into the densely packed flowers to reach the nectar source. Hummingbirds, which are drawn to the plant’s bright, warm colors, particularly red, can also easily access the nectar with their long bills.
Integrating Bee-Friendly Alternatives
For gardeners focused on supporting local bee populations, planting alternatives with easily accessible nectar and pollen is recommended. Bee-friendly flowers typically feature a single-petal design or a prominent, open center that acts as a landing platform.
Excellent annual choices include cosmos, zinnias, and sunflowers, which provide abundant, open access to their centers. Incorporating flowering herbs and perennials ensures a continuous food supply, which is necessary for bee health throughout the season.
Perennial and Herb Alternatives
Plants that offer long-lasting blooms and are rich in both nectar and pollen include:
- Purple coneflower (Echinacea)
- Bee balm (Monarda)
- Asters
- Lavender
- Borage
- Catmint
Planting aromatic herbs also creates a high-reward foraging area, as bees are highly sensitive to strong floral scents. By grouping these alternatives and ensuring different species bloom from spring through fall, gardeners can create a functional, high-value haven for a variety of native and honey bees.