Bamboo is a perennial woody-stemmed grass that evokes images of tropical climates, but it is surprisingly resilient and can thrive in temperate regions. The answer to whether bamboo grows in Kentucky is a definitive yes, and it does so quite easily. This plant’s hardiness allows it to survive the state’s seasonal temperature fluctuations, making it a popular choice for screens and ornamental plantings. While many introduced species are cultivated, Kentucky is also home to a native variety, illustrating the plant’s long-standing viability in the region.
Climate and Viability for Bamboo Growth
Kentucky’s climate provides a supportive environment for many cold-hardy bamboo species. The state primarily falls within USDA Plant Hardiness Zones 6b to 7b, with much of the Bluegrass region classified as Zone 7a. This classification means the average minimum winter temperatures generally range from 0°F to 10°F, which is mild enough for many temperate bamboos to flourish. The state’s natural rainfall and loamy, well-drained soils further contribute to successful growth, as bamboo appreciates consistent moisture. Selecting species rated for Zone 6 or colder is a reliable strategy to ensure the bamboo can withstand occasional harsher winter conditions.
Clumping vs. Running Varieties in Kentucky
The most significant factor in planting bamboo is understanding the difference between its two primary growth habits. Running bamboo, characterized by long, slender underground stems called leptomorph rhizomes, is notorious for its aggressive spread; species from the genus Phyllostachys can quickly colonize large areas. In contrast, clumping bamboo possesses short, thick rhizomes known as pachymorphs that cause the plant to expand slowly outward from its base. These species, such as those in the Fargesia genus, are generally non-invasive and form a predictable footprint, making them ideal for smaller gardens. Kentucky also has a native bamboo, Arundinaria gigantea (river cane), which is technically a running variety but is less aggressive than introduced timber bamboos.
Managing the Spread of Bamboo
Controlling running bamboo requires a proactive and consistent management strategy focused on containing its aggressive rhizomes. The most effective preventative measure is installing a physical barrier before planting, typically made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic. This material should be a minimum of 60-mil thick and buried 24 to 30 inches deep around the planting area to block the lateral spread of the underground stems. The top edge of the barrier must protrude two to three inches above the soil line to prevent rhizomes from growing up and over the containment wall.
Removal of Established Bamboo
For established, uncontained running bamboo, bi-annual root pruning is necessary, which involves using a sharp spade to sever new rhizomes around the perimeter of the desired area. For full removal, a multi-year effort is required, involving sustained cutting of all new shoots to deplete the rhizome’s stored energy. Chemical options, such as applying an undiluted glyphosate product directly to the foliage of freshly cut canes, can accelerate the process, but require careful and repeated application.