An MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) procedure uses strong magnets and radio signals to create detailed images of the body’s internal structures. While the experience can involve various sensations and potential discomfort, the imaging technology itself does not cause physical pain.
Physical Sensations During an MRI
During an MRI scan, patients commonly experience several non-painful but noticeable sensations. The machine produces loud knocking, banging, or clanging noises, ranging from 65 to 130 decibels. These sounds occur because the gradient coils rapidly switch on and off, causing them to vibrate within the strong magnetic field. Patients are provided with earplugs or headphones to mitigate this noise.
Some individuals may also feel a slight warmth in the scanned area, resulting from the radiofrequency energy used by the MRI machine. Vibrations, sometimes described as a tingling or buzzing, can also be perceived throughout the body or on the table, stemming from rapid changes in magnetic fields or direct neuro-muscular stimulation.
Addressing Discomfort and Anxiety
Discomfort and anxiety, particularly claustrophobia, are common concerns. The enclosed, tube-like design of many MRI machines can trigger feelings of confinement. Patients may also find it challenging to remain completely still for the scan, which can range from 20 to 90 minutes.
Open MRI machines, which have a wider, less enclosed design, can significantly reduce anxiety for those with claustrophobia. Doctors may prescribe sedatives, such as oral benzodiazepines (e.g., Xanax, Ativan, Valium) or intravenous medications like Versed (midazolam) and Fentanyl, to help patients relax. Relaxation techniques, including deep breathing exercises, meditation, or listening to music through headphones, can also promote calmness. Communicating any concerns with the MRI technologist before and during the scan is important, as they can offer reassurance and monitor the patient’s well-being.
The Role of Contrast Material
Some MRI procedures require the injection of a gadolinium-based contrast agent to enhance the clarity of images. The injection involves a brief needle stick, similar to a routine blood draw, causing momentary, localized pain. This is typically the only acute pain directly associated with an MRI scan.
After the injection, minor, temporary sensations may occur, such as a cold feeling in the arm, a metallic taste in the mouth, nausea, dizziness, or a headache. These effects are generally mild and short-lived. The contrast material helps radiologists better visualize inflammation, tumors, blood vessels, and blood supply to organs, improving diagnostic accuracy.
Preparing for Your MRI
Preparation can significantly improve a patient’s MRI experience, reducing discomfort and anxiety. Discuss any concerns with your doctor beforehand, especially regarding claustrophobia or sedation. Inform the MRI technologist about medical implants or conditions, as metallic objects like pacemakers can be affected by the strong magnetic field, posing safety risks or distorting images.
Patients must remove all metal objects, including jewelry, watches, hearing aids, credit cards, and clothing with metallic fasteners, before entering the MRI room, as these interfere with the magnetic field and compromise image quality. Wearing comfortable, loose-fitting clothing without metal is recommended.
Understanding the scan’s approximate duration and knowing communication with the technologist is possible throughout the procedure helps manage expectations and promotes a sense of control.