Vaginal yeast infections, also known as vaginal candidiasis, are a common fungal infection affecting many individuals with vaginas at some point in their lives. This condition arises when there is an overgrowth of a specific type of yeast, most commonly Candida albicans, which naturally resides in the body, including the vagina. Normally, beneficial bacteria in the vagina help keep yeast growth in check, but an imbalance can lead to the yeast multiplying rapidly and causing symptoms. These infections are not considered sexually transmitted infections, though sexual contact can sometimes be a factor.
Do Vaginal Yeast Infections Go Away On Their Own?
A vaginal yeast infection typically does not resolve on its own, especially if symptoms are noticeable. While some very mild cases might eventually clear without intervention, this is not a reliable outcome, and most infections require treatment. The nature of fungal overgrowth means that without specific antifungal medication, the yeast continues to multiply, leading to persistent and often worsening discomfort.
Leaving a yeast infection untreated can prolong symptoms like itching, burning, and unusual discharge, making them more uncomfortable over time. There is also a risk of the infection progressing to more severe forms, potentially causing significant inflammation, skin cracking, or sores around the vaginal area. Untreated infections may also lead to a higher likelihood of recurrence.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Seeking medical attention is advisable when experiencing symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection, particularly if it is a first-time occurrence. A healthcare provider can confirm the diagnosis, as symptoms can sometimes mimic other conditions like bacterial vaginosis. Consulting a doctor is also important if symptoms do not improve after using over-the-counter treatments, or if they worsen.
Medical consultation is recommended for recurrent infections, defined as four or more yeast infections within a year. Such frequent occurrences may indicate an underlying health issue, such as uncontrolled diabetes or a weakened immune system, which requires specific management.
Treatment Options
Vaginal yeast infections are primarily treated with antifungal medications. These come in various forms, including over-the-counter (OTC) creams, ointments, and suppositories that are inserted into the vagina. Common OTC antifungal ingredients include miconazole and clotrimazole, available in 1-day, 3-day, or 7-day courses.
Prescription options are also available, such as oral fluconazole, which is typically taken as a single dose. For more severe or recurrent infections, a healthcare provider might prescribe longer courses of vaginal antifungal therapy, lasting up to two weeks, or multiple oral doses. It is important to complete the full course of any prescribed or OTC treatment, even if symptoms improve quickly, to ensure the infection is fully eradicated and to prevent recurrence.
Preventing Future Infections
Adopting certain practices can help reduce the likelihood of future vaginal yeast infections. Wearing breathable underwear, such as cotton, helps keep the genital area dry and reduces moisture buildup, which can promote yeast growth. Changing out of wet clothing, like swimsuits or workout gear, promptly after use also minimizes a warm, moist environment.
Avoiding harsh feminine hygiene products, such as douches, scented sprays, or perfumed tampons and pads, can help maintain the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina. Proper hygiene, including wiping from front to back after using the toilet, helps prevent the spread of yeast from the anal area. Managing underlying health conditions like diabetes, by keeping blood sugar levels controlled, can also play a role in prevention.