A sigmoidoscopy can cause apprehension, particularly regarding potential discomfort or pain. While it is common to experience some sensations during a sigmoidoscopy, significant pain is rare and typically manageable. This article clarifies what to expect during and after the procedure to ease concerns.
Understanding the Procedure
A flexible sigmoidoscopy involves the use of a thin, pliable tube called a sigmoidoscope, equipped with a small light and camera. This instrument is gently guided into the rectum and then advanced into the lower section of the large intestine, known as the sigmoid colon. The procedure allows healthcare professionals to visualize the lining of these areas. To improve visibility, a small amount of air or carbon dioxide gas is often introduced through the scope, expanding the bowel walls and contributing to sensations during the examination.
Sensations During the Sigmoidoscopy
During a sigmoidoscopy, it is normal to experience a range of sensations, though it is generally not described as painful. Many people report a feeling of pressure or fullness in the lower abdomen as the sigmoidoscope is inserted and advanced. The introduction of air into the colon often leads to a sensation of bloating or cramping. Some individuals also describe a strong urge to have a bowel movement, even though the bowel has been emptied in preparation for the procedure. These feelings are typically temporary and subside as the scope moves or the air is released.
Muscle spasms in the lower belly can also occur. While biopsies taken during the procedure are usually painless due to the lack of pain sensation in the colon lining, any sharp or severe pain should be promptly communicated to the medical staff. The procedure itself usually takes 10 to 20 minutes.
Strategies for Comfort
Patients can actively participate in minimizing discomfort during a sigmoidoscopy. One effective technique is practicing deep breathing and relaxation exercises. Focusing on slow, deep breaths can help relax the abdominal muscles and reduce the intensity of cramping sensations. It is also important to openly communicate any discomfort or pain to the medical team throughout the procedure. They can adjust the scope’s position, introduce less air, or offer reassurance.
While sedation is typically not necessary for a flexible sigmoidoscopy, some facilities may offer it if anxiety is a significant concern. Gas and air (Entonox) may also be available as a fast-acting pain relief option. The medical staff are present to ensure comfort and can provide guidance on positioning or other measures to ease sensations.
After the Procedure
Following a flexible sigmoidoscopy, it is common to experience some temporary effects as the body adjusts. The most frequently reported sensations include gas, bloating, and mild abdominal cramping. These are primarily due to the air that was introduced into the colon during the examination. Walking around and drinking warm beverages can help facilitate the passage of this trapped air, leading to quicker relief. These post-procedure effects usually subside within a few hours, though some mild discomfort might linger for up to a day.
If polyps were removed or biopsies taken, a small amount of rectal bleeding with the first bowel movement is normal. However, severe abdominal pain, persistent heavy bleeding, black tarry stools, fever, or chills are unusual and should prompt immediate contact with a healthcare professional.