A cortisone shot, also known as a steroid injection, delivers a synthetic version of corticosteroids, which are hormones naturally produced by the body. These injections are commonly used to reduce inflammation and pain in specific areas, such as joints, tendons, or bursae. Conditions like arthritis, tendinitis, and bursitis often benefit from this targeted treatment. While cortisone shots are effective for localized relief, a common question arises regarding their potential to cause weight gain.
The Link Between Cortisone and Weight
Cortisone, a type of corticosteroid, can influence metabolism and fat distribution, potentially leading to weight changes. It can increase appetite, prompting individuals to consume more calories. Additionally, cortisone can cause the body to retain sodium and water, contributing to temporary fluid retention and bloating, often visible as swelling in areas like the ankles and face.
Beyond fluid retention and increased appetite, corticosteroids can alter fat storage, leading to redistribution with increased deposits in areas like the face, neck, and abdomen. This phenomenon, sometimes called “Cushingoid appearance” or lipodystrophy, can result in a “moon face” or a “buffalo hump” on the upper back. While more pronounced with long-term systemic use, these effects can still occur to a lesser extent with injections.
These metabolic changes also include how the body processes carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, potentially leading to elevated blood sugar levels. Weight gain is often temporary, typically resolving once the medication is discontinued and the body readjusts. However, the extent and duration of these effects vary greatly among individuals.
What Influences Weight Changes
The likelihood and degree of weight changes from a cortisone shot are influenced by dosage, frequency, and injection type. A single, localized injection into a joint or soft tissue is less likely to cause significant systemic weight gain than oral corticosteroids or repeated, high-dose injections. This is because localized injections deliver medication directly to the affected area, resulting in lower systemic absorption.
Higher doses and more frequent injections increase the potential for the medication to circulate throughout the body and exert systemic effects. For example, long-term oral steroid use is commonly associated with noticeable weight gain, with some studies indicating that about 70% of individuals on long-term oral corticosteroids experience weight gain. In contrast, a single or few localized cortisone shots are generally not expected to lead to substantial or lasting weight gain.
Individual metabolic responses also play a role; some people are more susceptible to weight fluctuations than others. Factors like genetics, pre-existing conditions (e.g., diabetes), and overall lifestyle influence how a person’s body reacts. While localized injections have fewer systemic side effects, some systemic absorption can occur, and cumulative exposure from multiple injections can contribute to effects similar to oral steroids.
Managing Weight Concerns After a Shot
For individuals concerned about weight changes after a cortisone shot, several strategies can help. Maintaining a balanced diet, focusing on whole foods, lean proteins, and fiber-rich fruits and vegetables, is important. Limiting sodium intake can help reduce fluid retention, while adequate hydration supports overall bodily functions.
Engaging in appropriate physical activity, as advised by a healthcare provider, can also assist in managing weight and supporting metabolism. Even if the shot limits certain activities initially, finding alternative forms of movement can be beneficial.
Discuss any concerns about weight gain or other side effects with your healthcare professional. They can provide personalized advice, assess the situation, and determine the most suitable approach based on individual health needs and the specific injection received.